πŸ›οΈ New report Β· Greece

Hellas

Your Greek Roots, Era by Era

For people with roots in mainland Greece, the Aegean islands and the Greek communities of Asia Minor, Cappadocia and the Pontus, and for Greek families abroad. We model your DNA against the ancient regional core (the first farmers of Thessaly and Macedonia, the Early Helladic and Cycladic world, the Mycenaeans, the Archaic and Classical Greeks and their Thracian and Paeonian neighbours, the Hellenistic and Roman cities of Greece and Asia Minor, the Byzantine Greeks and the Slavic settlers of the Middle Ages) and non-regional outside admixture, then show which of 11 communities is your closest reference, with an AI narrative.

  • 🏺 Ancient regional core (first farmers, Early Helladic, Mycenaeans)
  • βš”οΈ Classical and Hellenistic Greeks, Rome and Byzantium
  • πŸ‡¬πŸ‡· 11 communities of the Greek world compared directly
  • 🧬 Y-DNA & mtDNA haplogroup classification
  • πŸ“Š 7 periods, from the Deep past to the Middle Ages
  • πŸ€– Results interpreted by Claude AI, in 10 languages including Greek
Hellas report cover
⚠️ Designed for people with roots in Greece and the Greek world. Works for any of the 11 communities, from the Peloponnese, Attica and Central Greece, Mani, Thessaly and Epirus to Greek Macedonia and Thrace, the Cyclades, the Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean, and the Greeks of Asia Minor, Cappadocia and the Pontus, and for Greek families abroad (Greek-American, Greek-Canadian, Greek-Australian, Greek-German and Latin American families of Greek descent). If your roots are in Crete or Cyprus, Thalassa tells the islands in depth; for Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia and the rest of the Balkans see Balkan Frontier, for Anatolia and Turkey Anadolu, for mainland Italy Italia. If you are mostly of other ancestry, the fit will be poor and our Advanced Ancestry Report is a better choice. Not sure? The free Report Finder tells you.

Who it is for

  • Families from the Peloponnese (Achaea, Corinthia, Argolis, Arcadia, Elis, Messenia, Laconia), from Mani, and from Attica and Central Greece.
  • Thessalians, Epirotes and families from western Greece.
  • Families from Greek Macedonia and Thrace, including the Greeks of Eastern Rumelia.
  • Aegean islanders from the Cyclades, the Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean (Rhodes, Kos, Kalymnos, Chios).
  • Descendants of the Asia Minor Greeks of Ionia, the Cappadocian Greeks and the Pontic Greeks, who came to Greece mostly with the population exchange of 1923.
  • Diaspora families in the United States, Canada, Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom, Latin America and elsewhere whose DNA is mostly Greek.

1. Choose your community

Pick the community your family comes from. Not sure, or mixed origins (one grandparent from the islands, one from the mainland or from Asia Minor)? Choose "Let the model decide" and we compare you to every community automatically. Neighbouring Greek communities are genetically close to each other, so the result is always a closest reference, never a regional or village call.

Peloponnese, Attica and Central Greece (incl. Laconia and Tsakonia)

The Peloponnese, Attica and Central Greece: the Mycenaean palaces of Pylos, Mycenae and Tiryns, Classical Athens, Sparta and Corinth, then Roman Achaea, the Byzantine and Frankish Morea and the Venetian and Ottoman centuries; a reference built mostly from the Peloponnese (Achaea, Corinthia, Argolis, Arcadia, Elis, Messenia, Laconia, Tsakonia), with fewer samples from Attica, Boeotia, Phocis, Phthiotis and Euboea

Mani (Deep Mani, southern Peloponnese)

Mani, the mountainous middle peninsula of the southern Peloponnese, long isolated by its mountains, with its tower villages and strong local traditions; its reference stands apart from the rest of the Peloponnese, as expected for an isolated area

Thessaly

Thessaly, the great plain of central Greece, home of some of the earliest farming villages of Europe (Sesklo, Dimini), later of the Thessalian cavalry aristocracy, then Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman

Epirus and western Greece

Epirus and western Greece, from Dodona and the kingdom of the Molossians to Ambracia (Arta), the Byzantine Despotate of Epirus and the mountain villages of the Pindus; the reference is a small set of published samples

Greek Macedonia

Greek Macedonia, from the kingdom of Philip II and Alexander (Aigai, Pella) to Roman and Byzantine Thessaloniki, the Ottoman centuries and the settlement of the refugees from Asia Minor after 1923

Thrace (eastern Macedonia, Western Thrace, Greeks of Eastern Rumelia)

Western Thrace and eastern Macedonia, land of the ancient Thracians and of Greek colonies such as Abdera and Maroneia, together with the Greeks of Eastern Rumelia (northern Thrace) who settled in Greece in the early 20th century

Cyclades

The Cyclades, from the Early Bronze Age culture of the marble figurines to Classical Delos and Naxos, the Venetian Duchy of the Archipelago and the Ottoman centuries; the reference is a small set of samples from Amorgos, Kea, Milos and Tinos

Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean (Rhodes, Kos, Kalymnos, Chios)

The Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean (Rhodes, Kos, Kalymnos, Chios), at the crossroads of the Aegean and Asia Minor: Dorian and Ionian cities, the Knights of Rhodes, then Ottoman and Italian rule before union with Greece

Asia Minor Greeks of Ionia (Smyrna, Phokaia)

The Greeks of Ionia and the Aegean coast of Asia Minor (Smyrna, Phokaia), heirs of the Ionian cities of Miletus, Ephesus and Smyrna, most of whom came to Greece with the population exchange of 1923

Cappadocian Greeks (Kayseri, Nigde, Konya)

The Cappadocian Greeks of central Anatolia (Kayseri, Nigde, Konya), Orthodox communities of Byzantine Cappadocia, some of them Turkish-speaking (Karamanlides), who came to Greece with the population exchange of 1923

Pontic Greeks (Trabzon and the Pontus)

The Pontic Greeks of the Black Sea coast of Anatolia (Trabzon and the Pontus) and of the highlands inland (Erzurum, Kars), from the Greek colonies of the Black Sea and the Byzantine Empire of Trebizond; most came to Greece after 1923

πŸ”Ž Let the model decide (auto)

We detect which community you are genetically closest to.

What your report models, era by era

🦴 Deep ancestry

The Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of the Balkans, Anatolian, Levantine and Iranian farmers, the Caucasus hunter-gatherers and the steppe herders: the prehistoric building blocks of every profile.

🌾 Neolithic and Copper Age

The first farmers of Europe, who reached Thessaly and Macedonia from Anatolia around 6500 BC (Nea Nikomedeia, Sesklo), the farmers of Diros cave in the Peloponnese, Neolithic Thrace (Karanovo, Varna) and the Copper Age farmers of Asia Minor.

⚱️ Bronze Age

The Early Helladic and Cycladic world, the arrival of steppe-related ancestry in northern Greece around 2300 BC, the Mycenaean palaces of Pylos, Mycenae and Tiryns, and the Bronze Age of Asia Minor and Thrace, with the Minoans of Crete as an outside proxy.

πŸ›‘οΈ Iron Age

The Archaic and Classical Greeks (Tiryns, Pylos, Ambracia, Tenea, Vergina), their Thracian and Paeonian neighbours to the north, and Iron Age Asia Minor (Caria, Phrygia), with Illyrian and eastern Anatolian proxies.

πŸ›οΈ Hellenistic and Roman era

Hellenistic Greece, the Greek cities of western Asia Minor (Halicarnassus, Ephesus), central Asia Minor and Macedonia, with Roman Italian, Levantine, Balkan and Armenian highland proxies for people who moved within the Empire.

βš”οΈ Late Antiquity

Roman and Late Roman Greece, the early Byzantine cities of Asia Minor, and the Slavic settlers who reached much of Greece from the late 6th century, c. AD 300 to 700.

🏰 Medieval

The Byzantine Greeks of the Aegean and Asia Minor, the absorption of the Slavic settlers, and the later Albanian-speaking (Arvanite), Venetian and Latin, and Seljuk and Ottoman centuries, through outside proxies.

🌍 Non-regional outside admixture

Even for people fully from Greece, we include wider European, Levantine, Sub-Saharan, East Asian and Amerindian proxies, so any real outside ancestry is detected honestly instead of being force-fit onto the wrong regional population.

πŸ‡¬πŸ‡· Closest communities

Which of the 11 communities your DNA most closely resembles, ranked by distance. Neighbouring communities are close genetically, so this is a closest reference: near-ties are shown as ties.

🧬 Y-DNA & mtDNA lineages

If your raw DNA file is available, we classify your paternal and maternal haplogroups in a Greek context (e.g. J2, E-V13, R1b-Z2103, G2a, I2a, R1a; maternal H, K, J, T, U, X2), always as one line among thousands of ancestors.

83 reference populations

Your DNA is modelled against ancient populations of the Greek world, modern community reference populations, and non-regional outside proxies (Balkan, Italian, Levantine, Anatolian, steppe and wider European sources).

Amerindian proxy

Amerindian (North) proxy · Amerindian (South) proxy

Bronze Age sources

Bronze Age central and northern Asia Minor (Kaman-Kalehoyuk, Hittite era; Amasya in the Pontus, c. 3000-1600 BC) · Bronze Age western Asia Minor (Yassitepe and Ulucak near Izmir, Aydin, Isparta, c. 3000-1600 BC) · Bronze Age western Balkans north of Greece (Montenegro, Albania, North Macedonia; non-regional proxy) · Early Bronze Age Thrace (Yunatsite, Ezero and other sites in Bulgaria, c. 3000-2000 BC) · Early Helladic and Cycladic Early Bronze Age (Perachora, Nea Styra, Manika, Aegina, Koufonisi, c. 2800-2200 BC) · Han Bronze Age proxy (East Asian) · Later layer: medieval settlers of the Balkans (early medieval Slavic profile), Bronze Age model · Minoans of Crete (Hagios Charalambos, Zakros, Aposelemis; non-regional proxy) · Mycenaean Greeks, Late Bronze Age (Pylos, Tiryns, Aidonia, Mygdalia, Salamis, Kastrouli, Ammotopos, Paros, c. 1600-1100 BC) · Northern Greece at the end of the Early Bronze Age (Logkas in Kozani, Theopetra in Thessaly; arrival of steppe ancestry, c. 2300-2200 BC) · Steppe pastoralist (Yamnaya) outside source · Yoruba Bronze Age proxy (West African)

Deep ancestral sources

Anatolian Neolithic farmer · Balkan Mesolithic hunter-gatherer (Iron Gates, Danube gorges) · Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer (CHG, Kotias) · Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (EHG) · Han (East Asian proxy) · Iranian Neolithic farmer (Ganj Dareh) · Levantine Neolithic farmer (PPNB) · Steppe pastoralist (Yamnaya, Samara) · Yoruba (West African proxy)

European host

NW European · S European (Italian) · SW European

Hellenistic and Roman sources

Greeks of western Asia Minor, Hellenistic and Roman (Halicarnassus, Ephesus, Apollonia, Caria) · Han Classical proxy (East Asian) · Hellenistic and Roman Armenian highlands (Beniamin, c. 390 BC - AD 50; non-regional proxy) · Hellenistic and Roman central Asia Minor (Gordion, Kaman-Kalehoyuk, Hattusa) · Hellenistic Greece (Ambracia in Epirus, Tenea in Corinthia, c. 220 BC - AD 1) · Imperial Roman Italian (Classical) · Later layer: medieval settlers of the Balkans (early medieval Slavic profile), Hellenistic and Roman model · Macedonia and Paeonia from the Iron Age to the Hellenistic period (North Macedonia, c. 850-120 BC) · Roman Balkans north of Greece (Moesia: Viminacium, Naissus, Histria; non-regional proxy) · Roman Levant (Classical) · Yoruba Classical proxy (West African)

Iron Age sources

Early Iron Age, Archaic and Classical Greeks of the mainland (Tiryns, Pylos, Kastrouli, Ambracia, Tenea, Vergina) · Han Iron Age proxy (East Asian) · Illyrians, Iron Age (Albania, Montenegro, Croatia; non-regional proxy) · Iron Age eastern Anatolia (Urartian-era Van; non-regional proxy) · Iron Age Paeonians and northern neighbours of ancient Macedon (Vardar valley, North Macedonia, c. 850-600 BC) · Iron Age western and central Asia Minor (Degirmendere in Caria, Phrygian Gordion, c. 650-600 BC) · Later layer: medieval settlers of the Balkans (early medieval Slavic profile), Iron Age model · Thracians, Iron Age (Bulgaria, c. 800-250 BC) · Yoruba Iron Age proxy (West African)

Late Antiquity sources

Han Late Antiquity proxy (East Asian) · Late Antique Armenian highlands (Beniamin, 5th c.; non-regional proxy) · Late Antique Balkan frontier populations (Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria; non-regional proxy) · Late Antique Italy (non-regional proxy) · Late Roman and early Byzantine Asia Minor (Nicaea basilica, Balikesir, c. AD 375-600) · Late Roman and early Byzantine south-eastern Anatolia (Mardin, Doliche; non-regional proxy) · Northern mainland Greeks before the Slavic settlement (stand-in: Iron Age to Hellenistic Macedonia and Paeonia) · Roman and Late Roman Greece (Tenea in Corinthia, Marathon in Attica, c. AD 100-340) · Slavic settlers of the Balkans (early medieval Slavic profile; Serbia, Croatia, Czechia, 8th-12th c. samples) · Yoruba Late Antiquity proxy (West African)

Medieval sources

Byzantine Greeks of the Aegean and western Asia Minor (Chios, Nicaea, Bursa, Balikesir, Stratonikeia, Samantas) · Han Medieval proxy (East Asian) · Late Antique and medieval Armenian highlands (Beniamin, Agarak, AD 480-1300; non-regional proxy) · Medieval and early modern Albania (Kenete, Shtike, Barc, Bardhoc; non-regional proxy) · Medieval and early modern Italians (Venetian and Latin presence; non-regional proxy) · Medieval Balkans north of Greece (Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria; non-regional proxy) · Northern mainland Greeks of the Byzantine era (stand-in: Iron Age to Hellenistic Macedonia and Paeonia) · Slavic-speaking settlers of the medieval Balkans (early medieval Slavic profile; Serbia, Croatia, Czechia) · Turkic-speaking incomers, Seljuk and Ottoman era (medieval Turkic nomad profile, non-regional proxy) · Yoruba Medieval proxy (West African)

Modern communities of the Greek world

Asia Minor Greeks of Ionia (Smyrna, Phokaia) · Cappadocian Greeks (Kayseri, Nigde, Konya) · Cyclades · Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean (Rhodes, Kos, Kalymnos, Chios) · Epirus and western Greece · Greek Macedonia · Mani (Deep Mani, southern Peloponnese) · Peloponnese, Attica and Central Greece (incl. Laconia and Tsakonia) · Pontic Greeks (Trabzon and the Pontus) · Thessaly · Thrace (eastern Macedonia, Western Thrace, Greeks of Eastern Rumelia)

Neolithic and Copper Age sources

Copper Age Asia Minor (Barcin and Ilipinar in Bithynia, Camlibel Tarlasi and Buyukkaya in the Halys country, c. 5000-3500 BC) · Early Neolithic farmers of northern Greece (Nea Nikomedeia, Revenia, Paliambela, c. 6500-4400 BC) · Han Neolithic proxy (East Asian) · Neolithic and Copper Age farmers of the Peloponnese (Diros cave in Mani, c. 5900-3800 BC) · Neolithic and Copper Age Thrace and the eastern Balkans (Karanovo, Varna, Gumelnita; Bulgaria) · Yoruba Neolithic proxy (West African)

How it works, and its limits

πŸ”¬ How to read your results (please read)

Your result is computed by genetic similarity (Global25): we place your DNA in a 25-dimension genetic space and find the mixture of reference populations that best reproduces your profile, era by era. The reference populations use G25 coordinates built from published ancient-DNA studies and modern reference samples; none of our reference data is simulated.

Reference populations are statistical proxies: "Mycenaean Greeks" or "Byzantine Greeks" means a few dozen individuals sampled at a handful of sites, not a whole people. A Mycenaean-like, Slavic-like or Albanian-like percentage is a similarity to those samples, not proof of an ethnicity or a specific ancestor. Greek, Slavic, Albanian, Macedonian and Turkish are names of languages, states and cultures, not genetic categories, and no result here says how Greek anyone is.

In the Bronze Age, Iron Age and Hellenistic sections you will also see a Later layer bar. It is not a population of that period: it stands for ancestry that reached Greece long afterwards, around the Slavic settlement of the Balkans and the Middle Ages, and it is shown so that the Mycenaeans, the Classical Greeks and Hellenistic Greece can be read correctly instead of being pushed aside by it.

Genetics is not identity: this report is not a national, regional or political determination. Neighbouring Greek communities are close in G25 (most about 0.009 to 0.015 from their nearest neighbour), so the closest community is a best-fit reference and not a proven origin. No medieval genome from mainland Greece has been published yet, the Epirus and Cyclades references are built from about ten individuals each, and the Ionian Islands have too few published genomes for a reference of their own: the report says so when it matters for you.

Why one report for mainland Greece, the islands and the Greeks of Anatolia? They share the same long history, the first farmers, the Bronze Age Aegean, the Greek cities and kingdoms, Rome and Byzantium, with their own emphases: more northern Balkan ancestry on the northern mainland, more Anatolian and eastern Mediterranean ancestry in the Dodecanese, Cappadocia and the Pontus.

Free check Β· no email needed

Is Hellas right for your DNA?

Paste your G25 coordinates or drop your raw DNA file. We run the same fit test as our free Report Finder, for Hellas only, and show you your verdict, your regional core and your 3 closest communities before you spend anything.

Click or drop your raw DNA file here 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, FTDNA, LivingDNA or a chip VCF (Genotek, Atlas): .txt, .csv, .vcf, .zip or .gz

A raw file takes 1 to 3 minutes: we first estimate your G25 coordinates from it.

πŸ”’ Your file is processed for this check only and immediately deleted.

⚠️ Designed for people with roots in Greece and the Greek world (including Greek families abroad). If you are mostly of other ancestry, the models are calibrated for fully-regional profiles and the fit will be poor.

Get your Hellas report

Select your community above, then confirm your email. We send you a secure link to upload your DNA (raw file or G25 coordinates) and generate your personalised report.

Secure checkout after email verification. Your DNA is processed automatically and deleted; no human sees it.

πŸ“– What is raw DNA & G25?

Explore these populations in our free Population Genetics Atlas

No DNA file needed. Each free page shows a population's ancient make-up, its closest modern and ancient neighbours, and ancient DNA from the same country when we have some.

See the Southern Europe section of the atlasBrowse the full atlas (335 populations)

Frequently asked questions

Who is the Hellas report for?

It is built for people with roots in mainland Greece and the wider Greek world: the Peloponnese, Attica and Central Greece, Mani, Thessaly, Epirus, Greek Macedonia, Thrace, the Cyclades, the Dodecanese and the eastern Aegean, and the Greeks of Ionia, Cappadocia and the Pontus, across 11 communities. Families of Greek descent in the Americas, Australia and elsewhere can use it too. For other ancestry the Advanced Ancestry Report works better.

Does it tell me how Greek I am, or whether I descend from the ancient Greeks?

No, and no honest test can. The report shows which period populations of the Greek world you resemble, from the first farmers and the Mycenaeans to the Classical, Hellenistic and Byzantine Greeks. Every population of the region, like every population anywhere, is a mixture of these layers: a share is a genetic similarity to the people sampled at a few sites, never a measure of identity and never proof of descent from a particular people, king or hero.

What about Slavic, Albanian or Turkish ancestry?

Slavic groups settled in much of Greece from the late 6th century and were absorbed into the Greek-speaking population; Albanian-speaking communities (the Arvanites) settled in southern and central Greece from the 14th century; Turkic-speaking groups reached Anatolia from the 11th century. The report measures your resemblance to early medieval Slavic settlers, to individuals from medieval and early modern Albania and to Turkic-speaking incomers, each in its own period, and explains their limits: no medieval genome from mainland Greece has been published yet, so the Slavic share is best read as an upper bound, and Albanian and northern Greek profiles overlap. These shares are resemblances, never statements about language, identity or nationality.

My family came from Asia Minor, Cappadocia or the Pontus. Is that covered?

Yes. The Asia Minor Greeks of Ionia, the Cappadocian Greeks and the Pontic Greeks each have their own community reference, and the ancient layers include the Greek cities and the Byzantine world of Asia Minor. These communities share much of their ancestry with their Anatolian, Armenian and Caucasus neighbours, the result of a long common history: the report explains this plainly, as genetic similarity and never as a statement about identity.

My family is from Crete, Cyprus or the Ionian Islands.

Crete and Cyprus are told in depth by our Thalassa report, which models the islands' own layers (Minoans, Mycenaeans, Phoenicians, Byzantines, Venetians and Ottomans). The Ionian Islands have too few published modern genomes for a reference of their own, so an Ionian profile is read through its closest neighbours (Epirus, the Peloponnese, southern Italy), and the report says so.

How precise is the community match?

Neighbouring Greek communities are genetically close to each other (most about 0.009 to 0.015 from their nearest neighbour; the Dodecanese, Cappadocian and Pontic references stand further apart), so the closest community is a closest reference and not a proven origin, island or village. When two or more communities are tied, the report says so.

Not sure it fits me. Can I check first?

Yes. The free Report Finder reads your raw DNA file (or your G25) and tells you honestly whether Hellas is a good match for you, before you spend anything.

Do I need to have taken a DNA test already?

Yes. Upload your raw DNA file from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, FamilyTreeDNA or LivingDNA, or paste your G25 coordinates.

How much does it cost and what do I get?

€15. A full PDF report with your ancient regional core %, non-regional outside admixture breakdown, seven period-by-period breakdowns, closest modern community reference populations, Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups (if raw file provided), and a narrative interpreted by Claude AI, in English, Greek, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, Swedish or Russian.

A DNA report for Greek ancestry

Hellas is a G25 ancestry report built specifically for people with roots in Greece and the Greek world. Upload your raw DNA file from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage or FamilyTreeDNA, pick your community, and we model your genome against the ancient regional core plus non-regional outside admixture, era by era, from the first hunters to the Middle Ages.

Whether your family is from the Peloponnese or Mani, Attica, Thessaly or Epirus, Macedonia or Thrace, the Cyclades or the Dodecanese, or descends from the Asia Minor, Cappadocian or Pontic Greeks, Hellas models the genetic layers of your region's history, from the first farmers of Thessaly to the Mycenaeans, the Classical and Hellenistic world, Rome and Byzantium.

The report uses the Global25 (G25) system developed by geneticist Davidski, placing your DNA in a 25-dimension genetic space alongside ancient and modern reference populations built from published ancient-DNA studies.

πŸ‘ Sample reports

See three real Hellas reports

Full example reports, flip through every page: cover, regional core, the seven periods, closest communities and the AI narrative.

PDF

🇬🇷 Greek Macedonia sample

A northern Greek profile: the Mycenaean and Classical Greek layers, the Hellenistic world of Macedon and the Slavic settlement of the Middle Ages, read honestly against its neighbours.

PDF

🇬🇷 Thessaly sample

A central Greek profile: the first farmers of the Thessalian plain, the Mycenaean world, Classical and Hellenistic Greece and the Byzantine centuries.

PDF

🇬🇷 Peloponnese sample

A Peloponnesian profile: from the first farmers and the Early Helladic world to the Mycenaean palaces, Classical and Roman Greece and the Byzantine centuries, with its closest community references.

Report
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