Ancient DNA from USA
249 ancient people from USA have had their genome published, from 10,762 BC to AD 1850. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
249ancient individuals
50excavation sites
13published studies
10,762 BColdest individual
Main archaeological groups: USA NorthernMariana Latte Chamoru (44), USA Maryland Historic AfricanAmerican (26), USA 4800BP (19), USA 1600BP (14), USA 1500BP (12).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: Q1b (70), O2a (22), E1b (11), P1 (3), Q (3), E2b (2).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: A2 (45), E2a (27), A2c (17), C1b (17), D1 (15), E1a (13).
Find the ancient individuals closest to your own town →
Period by period
Before 10,000 BC (1 individual)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,762 BC | USA Anzick 12700BP | Anzick Ranch | Q1b1a2b~ | D4h3a |
10,000 to 5,000 BC (18 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9,475 BC | USA AncientBeringian | Upward Sun River | C1 | |
| 9,475 BC | USA AncientBeringian | Upward Sun River | B2 | |
| 9,038 BC | USA 11000BP | Spirit Cave | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| 9,012 BC | USA 11000BP | Spirit Cave | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| 8,416 BC | USA Prehistoric | On Your Knees Cave | Q | D4h3a |
| 7,055 BC | USA 9000BP | Trail Creek | B2* | |
| 6,802 BC | USA WA Kennewick 8800BP | Columbia River | Q1b1a1a | X2a |
| 5,873 BC | USA California 7400BP | CA-SRI-3 | Q1b1a | A2 |
| 5,748 BC | USA California 7400BP | CA-SRI-3 | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| 5,680 BC | USA California 7400BP | CA-SRI-3 | A2 | |
| 5,677 BC | USA California 7400BP | CA-SRI-3 | A2 | |
| 5,419 BC | USA California 7400BP | CA-SRI-3 | A2 | |
| 5,128 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | A2+(64) | |
| 5,125 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | A2+(64) | |
| 5,125 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | Q1b1a | A2+(64) |
| 5,125 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | Q1b1 | A2+(64)+@16111 |
| 5,120 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | B2b | |
| 5,120 BC | USA California 7000BP | CA-SBA-7 | A2+(64) |
5,000 to 3,000 BC (7 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,457 BC | USA California 4900BP | CA-SRI-3 | R | |
| 3,440 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a1a | A2cb |
| 3,247 BC | USA California 5200BP | Pacific Grove | A2c | |
| 3,214 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a1a | A2ca |
| 3,159 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q | A2cb |
| 3,155 BC | USA California 4900BP | CA-SRI-3 | P1 | R |
| 3,103 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a | A2cb |
3,000 to 1,000 BC (37 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,998 BC | USA California 4900BP | Clark Estate | Q1b1a1a | |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1 | A2cb |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a | A2 |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | A2ca | |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | A2cb | |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | A2ca | |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | ||
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | A2 | |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | P1 | A2 |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | BT | A2cb |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | F | A2ca |
| 2,925 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a | A2ca |
| 2,901 BC | USA California 4800BP | CA-SBA-52 | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| 2,900 BC | USA California 4900BP | Clark Estate | ||
| 2,892 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a | A2ca |
| 2,866 BC | USA California 4800BP | CA-SBA-52 | A2+(64)+@153 | |
| 2,850 BC | USA California 4800BP | CA-SBA-52 | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| 2,525 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1 | A2cb |
| 2,525 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | E1a | A2cb |
| 2,428 BC | USA 4800BP | San Nicolas Island | R | A2cb |
| 2,082 BC | USA California 4000BP | CA-SBA-1 | Q | D4 |
| 1,821 BC | USA California 3400BP | Paradise Cove | D1 | |
| 1,537 BC | USA California 3200BP | CA-SRI-5A | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| 1,513 BC | USA California 3200BP | CA-SRI-5A | C1b | |
| 1,500 BC | USA California 3400BP | Paradise Cove | ||
| 1,500 BC | USA California 3400BP | Paradise Cove | ||
| 1,380 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SRI-41 | C5b | |
| 1,275 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SRI-41 | M8 | |
| 1,250 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SRI-41 | A2 | |
| 1,250 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SRI-41 | B2b+152 | |
| 1,248 BC | USA California 3400BP | Paradise Cove | Q1b1a | A2ao |
| 1,200 BC | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | B2a5b | |
| 1,200 BC | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | B2a5b | |
| 1,200 BC | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b | C1b41a1 |
| 1,200 BC | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | ||
| 1,165 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SRI-41 | A2 | |
| 1,100 BC | USA California 3000BP | CA-SBA-52 | Q1b1 | A2+(64) |
1,000 BC to AD 1 (5 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 787 BC | USA California 2600BP | CA-SBA-81 | Q1b1a | A2+(64)+@153 |
| 685 BC | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | C1b41a | |
| 258 BC | USA LateUnai | Ritidian Site | ||
| 201 BC | USA LateUnai | Ritidian Site | ||
| 120 BC | USA Alaska PaleoAleut | Chaluka Midden | L | D2a1a |
AD 1 to 1000 (37 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 15 | USA 1850BP | Lovelock Cave | D1 | |
| AD 23 | USA California 1900BP | CA-SBA-52 | D1 | |
| AD 111 | USA 1850BP | Lovelock Cave | D1 | |
| AD 188 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | Cb16a1 | |
| AD 207 | USA 1850BP | Lovelock Cave | Q1b1b~ | D1 |
| AD 362 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | Cb16a1 | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | D1t | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | D1t | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | D1t | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | D1t | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | D1t | |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b | D1t |
| AD 400 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b1a | A2cc |
| AD 444 | USA California 1500BP | Moaning Cave | Q1b1a1a | C1b+16311 |
| AD 472 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | C1b41a1 | |
| AD 481 | USA 1500BP | Carpinteria | A2 | |
| AD 483 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | C1b41a1 | |
| AD 483 | USA California 1500BP | CA-SBA-73 | C1b | |
| AD 489 | USA California 1700BP | CA-SBA-28 | D1 | |
| AD 494 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 496 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b1a1a | D1t |
| AD 500 | USA California 1400BP | CA-VEN-61 | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| AD 503 | USA 1500BP | California | Q1b1a1a | D1t |
| AD 506 | USA California 1400BP | CA-VEN-61 | D1 | |
| AD 614 | USA 1300BP | California | Q1b1a | D1 |
| AD 741 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | C | |
| AD 850 | USA California 1100BP | CA-SBA-72 | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 863 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | Q1b1a | D1 |
| AD 885 | USA Alaska PaleoAleut | Chaluka Midden | D2a1a | |
| AD 932 | USA NewMexico Chaco | Pueblo Bonito | B2y1 | |
| AD 933 | USA 1000BP | California | A2 | |
| AD 939 | USA 900BP | San Clemente Island | Cb16a1 | |
| AD 962 | USA California 900BP | CA-SBA-17 | D4h3a | |
| AD 970 | USA California 1000BP | Monterey | Q1b | A2 |
| AD 982 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | C1b41a | |
| AD 985 | USA Alaska PaleoAleut | Chaluka Midden | Q1a1b | D2a1a |
After AD 1000 (144 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1000 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | Cb16a1 | |
| AD 1000 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | ||
| AD 1000 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | Q1b1a1a | C1b41a |
| AD 1000 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | C1b41a1a | |
| AD 1000 | USA California 1000BP Chumash Barbareno | CA-SBA-46A | A2 | |
| AD 1000 | USA California 1000BP Chumash Barbareno | CA-SBA-46A | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 1000 | USA California 1000BP Chumash Barbareno | CA-SBA-46A | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 1007 | USA NewMexico Chaco | Pueblo Bonito | B2y1 | |
| AD 1013 | USA NewMexico Chaco | Pueblo Bonito | Q1b1a2a2a3~ | |
| AD 1016 | USA NewMexico Chaco | Pueblo Bonito | Q1b1 | B2y1 |
| AD 1020 | USA California 900BP | CA-SBA-17 | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 1031 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | B2y1 | |
| AD 1050 | USA California 900BP | Santa Barbara | ||
| AD 1075 | USA California 900BP | Castroville | C | |
| AD 1091 | USA NewMexico Chaco | Pueblo Bonito | B2y1 | |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | C5b | |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | Q1b1a1a | R |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | R | |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | R | |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | Q1b1a1a | C5b |
| AD 1125 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | R | |
| AD 1151 | USA 900BP | San Catalina Island | B2a5 | |
| AD 1154 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | C1b | |
| AD 1181 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | C5b | |
| AD 1190 | USA California 800BP | San Clemente Island | R | |
| AD 1213 | USA 1600BP | San Nicolas Island | B2a5b | |
| AD 1225 | USA Alaska Ancient 1100BP Athabaskan | Tochak McGrath | Q1b1a1a | A2a1 |
| AD 1225 | USA Alaska Ancient 1100BP Athabaskan | Tochak McGrath | Q1b1a | A2+(64) |
| AD 1225 | USA Alaska Ancient 1100BP Athabaskan | Tochak McGrath | A2+(64) | |
| AD 1225 | USA Alaska Ancient 1100BP Athabaskan | Tochak McGrath | Q1b1a1a | A2a1 |
| AD 1225 | USA Alaska Ancient 1100BP Athabaskan | Tochak McGrath | Q1b1a1a | A2a1 |
| AD 1228 | USA 650BP | San Miguel Island | A2 | |
| AD 1299 | USA California LateHolocene Chumash Barbareno | CA-SRI-2B | A2 | |
| AD 1302 | USA 600BP | Lovelock Cave | B2a1 | |
| AD 1329 | USA California LateHolocene Chumash Barbareno | CA-SRI-2B | Q1b1a | A2 |
| AD 1344 | USA 650BP | San Miguel Island | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 1346 | USA California 600BP | Carmel | Q1b1a1a | A2+(64) |
| AD 1346 | USA California 600BP | Cave of Skulls | Q1b1a1a | B2 |
| AD 1346 | USA NorthernMariana Latte Chamoru | Best Sunshine Casino | E2a | |
| AD 1348 | USA NorthernMariana Latte Chamoru | Best Sunshine Casino | O2a2b2a2b | E2 |
Excavation sites
- Best Sunshine Casino 46, AD 1346 to AD 1632
- San Nicolas Island 33, 3,440 BC to AD 1213
- Cemetery for Enslaved at Catoctin Furnace 29, AD 1812 to AD 1825
- California 15, AD 400 to AD 1550
- San Clemente Island 9, AD 939 to AD 1190
- CA-SRI-3 7, 5,873 BC to 3,155 BC
- CA-SBA-7 6, 5,128 BC to 5,120 BC
- Cave of Skulls 6, AD 1346 to AD 1350
- Kagamil Island Warm Cave 6, AD 1515 to AD 1720
- San Catalina Island 6, AD 982 to AD 1151
- CA-SBA-52 5, 2,901 BC to AD 23
- CA-SRI-2B 5, AD 1299 to AD 1352
- CA-SRI-41 5, 1,380 BC to 1,165 BC
- Carmel 5, AD 1346 to AD 1550
- Chaluka Midden 5, 120 BC to AD 1445
- Pueblo Bonito 5, AD 932 to AD 1091
- Tochak McGrath 5, AD 1225
- Lovelock Cave 4, AD 15 to AD 1302
- Paradise Cove 4, 1,821 BC to 1,248 BC
- CA-SBA-46A 3, AD 1000
- CA-SBA-17 2, AD 962 to AD 1020
- CA-SBA-477 2, AD 1550
- CA-SRI-5A 2, 1,537 BC to 1,513 BC
- CA-VEN-61 2, AD 500 to AD 506
- Clark Estate 2, 2,998 BC to 2,900 BC
- Pacific Grove 2, 3,247 BC to AD 1785
- Ritidian Site 2, 258 BC to 201 BC
- San Miguel Island 2, AD 1228 to AD 1344
- Spirit Cave 2, 9,038 BC to 9,012 BC
- Upward Sun River 2, 9,475 BC
- Anzick Ranch 1, 10,762 BC
- CA-SBA-1 1, 2,082 BC
- CA-SBA-28 1, AD 489
- CA-SBA-72 1, AD 850
- CA-SBA-73 1, AD 483
- CA-SBA-78 1, AD 1550
- CA-SBA-81 1, 787 BC
- Carpinteria 1, AD 481
- Castroville 1, AD 1075
- Columbia River 1, 6,802 BC
- Moaning Cave 1, AD 444
- Monterey 1, AD 970
- On Your Knees Cave 1, 8,416 BC
- Palm Site 1, AD 1850
- Pebble Beach 1, AD 1450
- Santa Barbara 1, AD 1050
- Ship Rock Island 1, AD 1375
- Shohola Creek 1, AD 1616
- Síi Túupentak 1, AD 1650
- Trail Creek 1, 7,055 BC
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.
Which of these ancient peoples are in your DNA?
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