Ancient DNA from Tajikistan
13 ancient people from Tajikistan have had their genome published, from 6,273 BC to 8 BC. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
Main archaeological groups: Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod (5), Tajikistan BA (3), Tajikistan C (3), Tajikistan BA Farkhor (1), Tajikistan Mesolithic (1).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: E (1), G2a (1), P1 (1), Q1b (1), R1a (1), R2a (1).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: U2e (4), J1d (2), H1 (1), J1b (1), T2a (1), T2b (1).
📊 How Tajikistan's DNA changed over 10,000 years: hunter-gatherers, farmers, steppe herders and later arrivals, period by period.
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Period by period
10,000 to 5,000 BC (1 individual)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,273 BC | Tajikistan Mesolithic | Tutkaul | Q1b |
5,000 to 3,000 BC (3 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,576 BC | Tajikistan C | Sarazm | J1d | |
| 3,576 BC | Tajikistan C | Sarazm | J1d | |
| 3,500 BC | Tajikistan C | Sarazm | W6 |
3,000 to 1,000 BC (4 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,500 BC | Tajikistan BA Farkhor | Farkhor | E | |
| 1,554 BC | Tajikistan BA | Dashty-Kozy | T2b34 | |
| 1,525 BC | Tajikistan BA | Dashty-Kozy | U2e1h | |
| 1,473 BC | Tajikistan BA | Dashty-Kozy | T2a1b1 |
1,000 BC to AD 1 (5 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 101 BC | Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod | Ksirov | P1~ | U2e1e |
| 86 BC | Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod | Ksirov | R2a2a | U2e1e |
| 50 BC | Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod | Ksirov | J1b6 | |
| 50 BC | Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod | Ksirov | G2a | U2e1e |
| 8 BC | Tajikistan Khatlon KushanPeriod | Ksirov | R1a1a1 | H1 |
Excavation sites
- Ksirov 5, 101 BC to 8 BC
- Dashty-Kozy 3, 1,554 BC to 1,473 BC
- Sarazm 3, 3,576 BC to 3,500 BC
- Farkhor 1, 2,500 BC
- Tutkaul 1, 6,273 BC
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.