Ancient DNA from Sweden
416 ancient people from Sweden have had their genome published, from 7,880 BC to AD 1676. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
416ancient individuals
77excavation sites
15published studies
7,880 BColdest individual
Main archaeological groups: Sweden Viking (145), Sweden N (75), Sweden PittedWare (26), Sweden Rossberga N (22), Sweden LN Viking (14).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: I2a (83), R1b (37), I1 (27), R1a (26), I1a (20), N1a (15).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: J1c (32), T2b (27), U5b (24), U5a (21), K1a (20), H1a (13).
📊 How Sweden's DNA changed over 10,000 years: hunter-gatherers, farmers, steppe herders and later arrivals, period by period.
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Period by period
10,000 to 5,000 BC (15 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7,880 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Hanaskede | I2a1a1b1~ | U5a1 |
| 7,698 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Bredgården | I2a1a1b1~ | U5a2 |
| 7,194 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Stora Förvar | U4a2 | |
| 6,945 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Stora Förvar | U4a1 | |
| 6,942 BC | Sweden Mesolithic-o | Stora Förvar | I2a2 | U5a1 |
| 6,821 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Stora Bjers | I2a1a1b1~ | U4a1 |
| 5,772 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | I2a1a2 | U5a1 |
| 5,760 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | I2a1 | U5a2d |
| 5,736 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | U5a2d | |
| 5,674 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | I2a1a2 | U2e1 |
| 5,674 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | I2a1a2 | U2e1 |
| 5,649 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Kanaljorden | ||
| 5,648 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | I2a2 | U2e1 |
| 5,614 BC | Sweden Mesolithic HG | Kanaljorden | U5a1 | |
| 5,415 BC | Sweden Mesolithic | Stora-Karlsö | I1 | U5a1 |
5,000 to 3,000 BC (81 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,912 BC | Sweden LateMesolithic Ertebolle | Skateholm-1 | U5b2a1a | |
| 4,062 BC | Sweden EN LateMesolithic | Evensås | I2a2a~ | R1b1 |
| 3,796 BC | Sweden MN | Skåne | T2b | |
| 3,659 BC | Sweden EN | Ängdala | T2b | |
| 3,417 BC | Sweden Megalithic | Ansarve | K1a2b | |
| 3,332 BC | Sweden Megalithic | Ansarve | T2b8 | |
| 3,268 BC | Sweden N | Hunnebostrand | I2a1a2 | H |
| 3,232 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I | U5b3 |
| 3,228 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Hemmor | U5a1 | |
| 3,228 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I2a1a2 | X2b+226 |
| 3,225 BC | Sweden N | Hunnebostrand | N1a1a1a2 | |
| 3,223 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | U2e1 |
| 3,215 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | HV0a | |
| 3,212 BC | Sweden N | Hjelmars rör | I | W5a |
| 3,211 BC | Sweden N MN TRB | Hindby mosse | K2b1a | |
| 3,210 BC | Sweden N | Hjelmars rör | I2a1a2 | H1bt |
| 3,206 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | U5b3 | |
| 3,204 BC | Sweden Megalithic | Ansarve | I2a1a2 | J1c5 |
| 3,203 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | H1c | |
| 3,198 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | U5b3 | |
| 3,196 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I | X2b+226 |
| 3,195 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Hemmor | I2a1a1b | U4a2 |
| 3,194 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | J1c8a |
| 3,188 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I2a1a2 | X2b+226 |
| 3,185 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | K1a+195 | |
| 3,183 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | J2b1a |
| 3,181 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I2a1a2 | K1e |
| 3,172 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | ||
| 3,165 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | K1e | |
| 3,163 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | H |
| 3,161 BC | Sweden Megalithic | Ansarve | I2a1a2 | J1c5 |
| 3,141 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | H1c |
| 3,134 BC | Sweden TRB | Rössberga | K1b1a1 | |
| 3,134 BC | Sweden MN | Gökhem | K1e | |
| 3,134 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | K1e | |
| 3,134 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | K1b1a1 | |
| 3,131 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | T2b |
| 3,125 BC | Sweden N possible | Hjelmars rör | ||
| 3,125 BC | Sweden N possible | Hjelmars rör | ||
| 3,125 BC | Sweden N | Hjelmars rör | HV16 |
3,000 to 1,000 BC (109 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | U5b3 | |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2 | T2b3+151 |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a | H |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Hjelmars rör | I2a1a2 | H1bt |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | I2a1a2 | H |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | X2b+226 | |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden Rossberga N possible | Rössberga | X2b | |
| 3,000 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | I2a1a | H5 |
| 2,989 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | U5b3 |
| 2,989 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | I2a1a2 | J1c4 |
| 2,987 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | T2b3+151 |
| 2,983 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Västerbjers | CT | U5b2a2 |
| 2,983 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | U5b2b |
| 2,983 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | H5'36 |
| 2,982 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | N1a1a1a3 |
| 2,982 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | K2 |
| 2,979 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Hemmor | I2 | K1a3a |
| 2,979 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | J1c3g | |
| 2,978 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | X2b4 | |
| 2,978 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | K1a1a2 |
| 2,978 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | I2a1a2 | H |
| 2,978 BC | Sweden N | Gökhem | ||
| 2,975 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2a2 | H3 |
| 2,975 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | J1c3g |
| 2,975 BC | Sweden N possible | Frälsegården | T | |
| 2,974 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Ajvide Settlement | U5b2a2 | |
| 2,974 BC | Sweden MN | Gökhem | F | H |
| 2,971 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | X2b+226 | |
| 2,969 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | J1c2 |
| 2,968 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | T2b |
| 2,965 BC | Sweden N MN TRB | Frälsegården | I | K2a |
| 2,965 BC | Sweden Rossberga N | Rössberga | K1e | |
| 2,964 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | T2b3+151 |
| 2,964 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | T2b3+151 |
| 2,964 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | |
| 2,964 BC | Sweden N | Frälsegården | I2a1a2 | |
| 2,948 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Västerbjers | I2a1a1b1~ | K1a3a |
| 2,948 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Västerbjers | I2a1a1b | |
| 2,945 BC | Sweden N | Landbogården | ||
| 2,929 BC | Sweden PittedWare | Västerbjers | K1a3 |
1,000 BC to AD 1 (1 individual)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 950 BC | Sweden Bengtstorp EarlyRoman | Bengtstorp | N1a1a1a1a1a1a1b |
AD 1 to 1000 (128 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 15 | Sweden Hojagard IA Jastorf | Höja gård | IJ | |
| AD 50 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp EarlyRoman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | R1b1a1b1a1a | |
| AD 51 | Sweden Landbogarden IA | Landbogården | I1a1b1g3a~ | |
| AD 76 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp EarlyRoman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I1a1b1f~ | |
| AD 85 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp EarlyRoman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | ||
| AD 186 | Sweden Sorby Storlinge EarlyRoman | Sörby_Störlinge | I1 | |
| AD 205 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp EarlyRoman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I1 | |
| AD 218 | Sweden Lilla Smedby EarlyRoman | Lilla_Smedby | ||
| AD 257 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp Roman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I1a2a1a1d1b~ | |
| AD 264 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp Roman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I2a1a2 | |
| AD 264 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp Roman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I | |
| AD 264 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp Roman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | I1a1b1b1a~ | |
| AD 288 | Sweden AlbacksbackenMaglarp EarlyRoman | Albäcksbacken Maglarp | R1b1a1b1a1a | |
| AD 300 | Sweden IA-1 | Oland | N1a1a1a1a | H1s |
| AD 313 | Sweden Viking | Fullero | N | U4c1 |
| AD 400 | Sweden IA-2 | Oland | H1a3b | |
| AD 409 | Sweden Morbylanga LateRoman | Mörbylånga | ||
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | N1a1a1a1a1 | H6a1a10 |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | J1c7a | |
| AD 475 | Sweden Viking | Romback | I1a1b1a4a2 | H1b1b |
| AD 475 | Sweden Viking | Romback | H1e1a | |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | I2a1b1a2b1a2b2~ | K2a |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | I1a1b1 | H2a1 |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | N1a1a1a1a1a1a | H7b2 |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | I1 | I1a1a |
| AD 475 | Sweden IA | Sandby Borg | N1a1a1a1a1a1a1b | R1b |
| AD 500 | Sweden Viking | Lovö | I1a1 | |
| AD 545 | Sweden IA | Oxie 7 | R1b1a1b | W1 |
| AD 575 | Sweden Viking | Alsike | R1a1a1b1a3a4~ | H6a1a |
| AD 600 | Sweden PreViking | Vendel | R1b1a1b1a1a1c2b | |
| AD 750 | Sweden EarlyViking | Oland | BT | H1f+16093 |
| AD 750 | Sweden EarlyViking | Oland | I1 | U3b1b |
| AD 750 | Sweden EarlyViking | Oland | I1 | H3g1 |
| AD 775 | Sweden Viking | Gannor | U5a1b1h | |
| AD 816 | Sweden Viking | Oland | H3n | |
| AD 840 | Sweden Viking | Oland | R1b1a1b1a1a2c1a2 | H1e2a |
| AD 850 | Sweden LN Viking | Alsike | I1 | J1c5a |
| AD 853 | Sweden Viking | Oland | L | U5b1b1a |
| AD 853 | Sweden Viking | Oland | U2e1f1 | |
| AD 853 | Sweden Viking | Oland | R1b1a1b1a1a1c2b2a | K1a |
After AD 1000 (82 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1000 | Sweden Viking | Ljungbacka | J2b1a | |
| AD 1000 | Sweden Viking | Ljungbacka | R1b1a1b1a1a | J1b1b1 |
| AD 1011 | Sweden Viking | Oland | R1a1a1 | H2a1 |
| AD 1025 | Sweden LN Viking | Gammelbyn Börstil | R1b1a1b1a1a | H1a |
| AD 1025 | Sweden LN Viking | Enbacken | T2b24a | |
| AD 1031 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, church 1 | J1d1b1 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 1 | I1a1b1a4a1~ | H1ap1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, mass grave | R1b1a1b1a1a2c1 | J2a1a |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, mass grave | F | U5a2a1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, mass grave | J2a1a1a2a2b | J1c2 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 4 | H4a1a3a | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 4 | H5 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 4 | H1a3a | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking-1 | Sigtuna, cemetery 3 | V7a | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking-1 | Sigtuna, cemetery 3 | T2f1 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 2 | Q2a1a2a3~ | H1b1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, cemetery 1 | BT | T1a1j |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking-1 | Sigtuna, church 1 | T2 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Sigtuna, church 1 | I1 | H1a8 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | I1 | T2b3b |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | T2a1b1a1 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | F | K1a1b1e |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | I1 | H15a1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1b1a1b1a1a1b1a1 | H1c |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1a1a1b1a1a1c1 | K1b1c |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1a1a1 | U5b1c2b |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1 | I4a |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | K1a4a1 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1b1a1b1a1a1c2b2a | HV+16311 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1a1a1 | T2f1a1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | N1a1a1a1a1a2 | X2c1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1b1a1b1a1a1c1a1 | J1c2t |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1a1a1 | J1b1a1 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | T1a2b1 | H1b1+16362 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | N1a1a1a1a1a1a | H4a1a1a |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | G2a2b2a1a1b | T2b4b |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | I1a1b1a1d3b~ | H1+16239 |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1a1a1 | H2a2b |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | J2a1a1 | |
| AD 1050 | Sweden Viking | Varnhem | R1b1a1b1a1a2a1b1a1a~ | K1a4a1a2b |
Excavation sites
- Frälsegården 54, 3,223 BC to 1,987 BC
- Oland 32, AD 300 to AD 1063
- Varnhem 31, AD 1050
- Frojel 29, AD 975
- Rössberga 26, 3,232 BC to 2,748 BC
- Kopparsvik 22, AD 975
- Albäcksbacken Maglarp 15, 2,651 BC to AD 944
- Hjelmars rör 15, 3,212 BC to 3,000 BC
- Västerbjers 15, 2,983 BC to 2,519 BC
- Kronan 12, AD 1676
- Landbogården 11, 3,027 BC to AD 51
- Sigtuna, church 1 9, AD 932 to AD 1152
- Falköping-5 8, 1,991 BC to 1,703 BC
- Kanaljorden 8, 5,772 BC to 5,614 BC
- Sandby Borg 7, AD 475
- Stora-Karlsö 7, 5,415 BC to 2,625 BC
- Vasterhus 7, AD 1085 to AD 1212
- Ansarve 6, 3,417 BC to 2,755 BC
- Karda 6, AD 950
- Nästegården 6, 2,072 BC to 1,694 BC
- Alsike 4, AD 575 to AD 975
- Gökhem 4, 3,134 BC to 2,805 BC
- Sigtuna, cemetery 1 4, AD 889 to AD 1050
- Sigtuna, cemetery 4 4, AD 977 to AD 1050
- Ajvide Settlement 3, 2,974 BC to 2,879 BC
- Hemmor 3, 3,228 BC to 2,979 BC
- Hindby mosse 3, 3,211 BC to 3,087 BC
- Olljso 3, 2,667 BC to 1,754 BC
- Sigtuna, mass grave 3, AD 1050
- Stora Förvar 3, 7,194 BC to 6,942 BC
- Abekås I 2, 1,893 BC to 1,283 BC
- Ängamöllan 2, 1,394 BC to 1,362 BC
- Bergsgraven 2, 2,542 BC to 2,533 BC
- Gorla 2, AD 975 to AD 1050
- Hunnebostrand 2, 3,268 BC to 3,225 BC
- Ljungbacka 2, AD 1000
- Romback 2, AD 475
- Sigtuna, cemetery 3 2, AD 1050
- Skomsta 2, AD 1050
- Ängdala 1, 3,659 BC
- Assleröd 1, 2,395 BC
- Bengtstorp 1, 950 BC
- Bredgården 1, 7,698 BC
- Dösemarken 1, 2,441 BC
- Eksta Kvie 1, AD 925
- Enbacken 1, AD 1025
- Evensås 1, 4,062 BC
- Firse sten 1, 1,081 BC
- Fredriksberg 1, 1,945 BC
- Frösön 1, AD 1050
- Fullero 1, AD 313
- Gammelbyn Börstil 1, AD 1025
- Gannor 1, AD 775
- Hablingbo Havor 1, AD 1050
- Hälsingland 1, 2,356 BC
- Hanaskede 1, 7,880 BC
- Höja gård 1, AD 15
- Holma 1, 2,780 BC
- Kastanjegården 1, 2,414 BC
- L Beddinge 56 1, 2,132 BC
- Lilla_Smedby 1, AD 218
- Lovö 1, AD 500
- Mörbylånga 1, AD 409
- Norrsunda 1, AD 1094
- Oxie 7 1, AD 545
- Sala 1, AD 975
- Sasta 1, AD 975
- Sigtuna 1, AD 961
- Sigtuna, cemetery 2 1, AD 1050
- Sillvik 1, 2,016 BC
- Skåne 1, 3,796 BC
- Skateholm-1 1, 4,912 BC
- Sörby_Störlinge 1, AD 186
- Stora Bjers 1, 6,821 BC
- Vattenledningen 1, 1,833 BC
- Vendel 1, AD 600
- Viby 1, 2,537 BC
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.
Which of these ancient peoples are in your DNA?
Our Nordsee (North Sea) report compares your own raw DNA file with the ancient and modern populations of the region, era by era, and explains your result in plain language with your haplogroups.