Ancient DNA from Slovenia
37 ancient people from Slovenia have had their genome published, from 1,346 BC to AD 341. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
Main archaeological groups: Slovenia EIA (23), Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman (4), Slovenia MBA (3), Slovenia MIA-oSouth (2), Slovenia VenetiaHistria ImperialRoman (2).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: R1b (15), J2b (2), A1b (1), G2a (1), I2a (1).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: H1e (7), N1a (3), H2a (2), H3 (2), H4a (2), U5a (2).
📊 How Slovenia's DNA changed over 10,000 years: hunter-gatherers, farmers, steppe herders and later arrivals, period by period.
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Period by period
3,000 to 1,000 BC (3 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,346 BC | Slovenia MBA | Obrežje | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c | N1a1a1 |
| 1,346 BC | Slovenia MBA | Obrežje | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c | N1a1a1 |
| 1,346 BC | Slovenia MBA | Obrežje | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c | N1a1a1 |
1,000 BC to AD 1 (27 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 849 BC | Slovenia LBA | Obrežje | H7a1 | |
| 743 BC | Slovenia EIA | Kongresni trg | U5a1a1 | |
| 743 BC | Slovenia EIA | Kongresni trg | U5a1a1 | |
| 738 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c2 | H1e5a |
| 724 BC | Slovenia EIA | Kongresni trg | H2a2a1 | |
| 724 BC | Slovenia EIA | Kongresni trg | H2a2a1 | |
| 700 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1 | H1e5a |
| 686 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | H1e5a | |
| 675 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a | H5a6 |
| 675 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b | H |
| 675 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | A1b1b2b | H1ba |
| 667 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | H1e5a | |
| 661 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1 | H1e5a |
| 661 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c2 | H1e5a |
| 655 BC | Slovenia EIA | Novo mesto-Kapiteljska njive | J2b2a1 | I1a |
| 650 BC | Slovenia LBA EIA | Obrežje | G2a2b2a1a1b1b | T2b |
| 647 BC | Slovenia EIA | Dolge njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c2 | H1e5a |
| 643 BC | Slovenia EIA | Zagorje ob Savi | H3 | |
| 643 BC | Slovenia EIA | Zagorje ob Savi | H3 | |
| 624 BC | Slovenia EIA | Grofove njive | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1 | T1a1 |
| 590 BC | Slovenia EIA | Grofove njive | I2a1b1a1b1a1a~ | K1b1 |
| 509 BC | Slovenia EIA | Zagorje ob Savi | R1b1a1b1a1a | H49 |
| 496 BC | Slovenia EIA | Grofove njive | U4a1 | |
| 475 BC | Slovenia EIA | Zagorje ob Savi | U5b1b1+@16192 | |
| 475 BC | Slovenia EIA | Zagorje ob Savi | J2b2a1a1a1b2~ | H18 |
| 322 BC | Slovenia MIA-oSouth | Obrežje | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c2 | H4a1c1a |
| 322 BC | Slovenia MIA-oSouth | Obrežje | R1b1a1b1a1a2b1c | H4a1c1a |
AD 1 to 1000 (7 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 291 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria ImperialRoman | Emona | ||
| AD 295 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria ImperialRoman | Emona | ||
| AD 300 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman | Emona | ||
| AD 311 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman | Emona | ||
| AD 322 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman | Emona | ||
| AD 328 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman | Emona | R1b1a1b1b3 | |
| AD 341 | Slovenia VenetiaHistria LateAntiquity ImperialRoman-oEurope | Emona |
Excavation sites
- Dolge njive 10, 738 BC to 647 BC
- Emona 7, AD 291 to AD 341
- Obrežje 7, 1,346 BC to 322 BC
- Zagorje ob Savi 5, 643 BC to 475 BC
- Kongresni trg 4, 743 BC to 724 BC
- Grofove njive 3, 624 BC to 496 BC
- Novo mesto-Kapiteljska njive 1, 655 BC
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.