Ancient DNA from Puerto Rico
25 ancient people from Puerto Rico have had their genome published, from AD 583 to AD 1338. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
Main archaeological groups: PuertoRico Ceramic (22), PuertoRico Ceramic-o (2), PuertoRico Ceramic-Dup (1).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: Q1b (11), Q (1).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: A2 (9), C1b (4), A2e (2), A2h (2), C1d (2), D1 (2).
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Period by period
AD 1 to 1000 (12 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 583 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Punta Candelero | A2h | |
| AD 617 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Tibes | D1 | |
| AD 635 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Collores | A2e | |
| AD 775 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Punta Candelero | Q1b1a1a | A2a |
| AD 775 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Punta Candelero | C1b2 | |
| AD 818 | PuertoRico Ceramic-o | Punta Candelero | Q1b1a1a | A2z |
| AD 869 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | C1b2 | |
| AD 882 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Tibes | C1c | |
| AD 924 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Punta Candelero | Q1b1 | C1b2 |
| AD 936 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Monserrate | Q1b1a1a | B2 |
| AD 950 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Monserrate | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 950 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Monserrate | A2h |
After AD 1000 (13 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1000 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Cabo Rojo 11 | Q1b1a1a | A2+(64)+@153 |
| AD 1025 | PuertoRico Ceramic-o | Paso del Indio | C1d1 | |
| AD 1025 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | Q | A2e |
| AD 1050 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | Q1b1a1a | A2 +64 |
| AD 1088 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | Q1b1a1a | A2 |
| AD 1088 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | Q1b1a1a | A2+64 |
| AD 1149 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | Q1b1a1a | C1d1 |
| AD 1249 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Santa Elena | D1 | |
| AD 1250 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Santa Elena | A2 | |
| AD 1250 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Santa Elena | C1b2 | |
| AD 1278 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Paso del Indio | A2 | |
| AD 1278 | PuertoRico Ceramic-Dup | Paso del Indio | A2+16218 | |
| AD 1338 | PuertoRico Ceramic | Los Indios | Q1b | A2 |
Excavation sites
- Paso del Indio 9, AD 869 to AD 1278
- Punta Candelero 5, AD 583 to AD 924
- Monserrate 3, AD 936 to AD 950
- Santa Elena 3, AD 1249 to AD 1250
- Tibes 2, AD 617 to AD 882
- Cabo Rojo 11 1, AD 1000
- Collores 1, AD 635
- Los Indios 1, AD 1338
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.