Ancient DNA from Peru
90 ancient people from Peru have had their genome published, from 7,055 BC to AD 1562. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
90ancient individuals
29excavation sites
6published studies
7,055 BColdest individual
Main archaeological groups: Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon (11), Peru 900BP (6), Peru 8600BP (4), Peru LIP 600BP LaGalgada (4), Peru LIP 650BP (4).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: Q1b (41), F (2), P1 (2), Q (2), K (1).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: C1b (13), D1 (12), B2 (11), A2 (9), R (7), C1c (6).
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Period by period
10,000 to 5,000 BC (6 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7,055 BC | Peru 9000BP | Cuncaicha | A2ao | |
| 7,055 BC | Peru 9000BP | Cuncaicha | A2ao | |
| 6,675 BC | Peru 8600BP | Lauricocha | Q1b1a2a~ | A2+(64)+16129 |
| 6,555 BC | Peru 8600BP | Lauricocha | B2 | |
| 6,500 BC | Peru 8600BP | Lauricocha | Q | A2 |
| 6,500 BC | Peru 8600BP | Lauricocha | A2 |
5,000 to 3,000 BC (3 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,881 BC | Peru 6800BP | Soro Mikaya Patjxa | P1 | C1c |
| 3,895 BC | Peru 5800BP | Lauricocha | Q1b1a1a | A2+(64)+@16111 |
| 3,895 BC | Peru 5800BP | Lauricocha | Q1b1a1a | A2+(64)+@16111 |
3,000 to 1,000 BC (9 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,200 BC | Peru LateArchaic 4500BP | El Brujo | B2 | |
| 2,165 BC | Peru 4200BP | Cuncaicha | Q1b1a1a | A2a3 |
| 2,165 BC | Peru 4200BP | Cuncaicha | Q1b1a1a | A2a3 |
| 2,165 BC | Peru 4200BP | Cuncaicha | Q1b1a1a | |
| 2,155 BC | Peru 4100BP LaGalgada | La Galgada | Q1b1a1a | C1c |
| 2,155 BC | Peru 4100BP LaGalgada | La Galgada | C1c | |
| 2,000 BC | Peru Unknown | Kaillachuro | C1b | |
| 1,580 BC | Peru 3500BP | Lauricocha | Q1b | A2+(64) |
| 1,331 BC | Peru 3300BP | Cuncaicha | Q1b1a1a | A2h |
AD 1 to 1000 (22 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 35 | Peru EarlyHorizon 2250BP Paracas | Wari Kayan | K | D1 |
| AD 172 | Peru 1600BP | Rio Uncallane | Q1b1a1a | C1b |
| AD 253 | Peru 1600BP | Rio Uncallane | B2 | |
| AD 292 | Peru 1600BP | Rio Uncallane | C1c | |
| AD 325 | Peru 1800BP | Rio Uncallane | D1 | |
| AD 375 | Peru EIP 1450BP | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b1a1a | B2 |
| AD 400 | Peru EIP Moche | El Brujo | D1 | |
| AD 400 | Peru EIP Moche | El Brujo | Q1b1 | C1b |
| AD 450 | Peru EIP 1450BP | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b | B2 |
| AD 475 | Peru 1600BP-o | Rio Uncallane | Q1b1a | C1b |
| AD 555 | Peru EIP 1350BP | Ica Valley | C5b | |
| AD 615 | Peru EIP 1300BP | El Brujo | D1 | |
| AD 630 | Peru EIP 1350BP | Ica Valley | Q1b1a1a | R |
| AD 700 | Peru MiddleHolocene 1000BP | Huaca Pucllana | A2+(64) | |
| AD 730 | Peru EIP 1450BP | Huaca Pucllana | C | |
| AD 825 | Peru 900BP | Tranca | D1 | |
| AD 855 | Peru EIP 1300BP | El Brujo | P1 | C1b |
| AD 855 | Peru EIP 1300BP | El Brujo | Q1b1a1a | D4h3a |
| AD 890 | Peru 900BP | Cueva Yacotogia | Q1b1a1a1i | R |
| AD 904 | Peru Cullcunche Tiwanaku | Cullcunche | B2 | |
| AD 925 | Peru MHorizon | Chinchawas | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| AD 925 | Peru MHorizon WariHighlands | Chinchawas | D1 |
After AD 1000 (50 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1000 | Peru MiddleHolocene 950BP | Ica Valley | R | |
| AD 1005 | Peru MiddleHolocene 1000BP | Chanka | F | C5b |
| AD 1015 | Peru MiddleHolocene 950BP | Monte Grande | Q1b1 | C5b |
| AD 1025 | Peru MHorizon LIP Lambayeque | El Brujo | Q1b1a1a | C1c |
| AD 1025 | Peru MHorizon LIP Lambayeque | El Brujo | A2+(64)+16129 | |
| AD 1025 | Peru MHorizon LIP Lambayeque | El Brujo | Q1b1a1a1j | C1b |
| AD 1025 | Peru 900BP | Botigiriayocc | Q1b1a1a1h1a | B2l |
| AD 1085 | Peru MiddleHolocene 1000BP | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b1 | C1b |
| AD 1090 | Peru 900BP | Botigiriayocc | Q1b1a1a | B2 |
| AD 1125 | Peru 900BP | Huayuncalla | C1b | |
| AD 1135 | Peru 900BP | Botigiriayocc | Q1b1a1a | R |
| AD 1200 | Peru LIP Ychsma | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b1a1a | C1b |
| AD 1200 | Peru LIP Ychsma | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b1a1a | B2 |
| AD 1200 | Peru LIP Ychsma | Huaca Pucllana | Q1b | B2b3 |
| AD 1215 | Peru LIP 600BP LaGalgada | Pacapaccari | Q1b1a1a1h1a | R |
| AD 1250 | Peru LIP 600BP LaGalgada | Botigiriayocc | C1b | |
| AD 1250 | Peru LIP Chimu | Chinchawas | Q1b1a1a | D1 |
| AD 1250 | Peru LIP Chimu | Chinchawas | D1 | |
| AD 1250 | Peru LIP Chimu | Chinchawas | D1 | |
| AD 1265 | Peru MHorizon LIP 850BP | El Brujo | C1c | |
| AD 1265 | Peru LIP 650BP | Huaca Pucllana | Q | B2b |
| AD 1275 | Peru LIP | Charrangochayoc | R0+16189 | |
| AD 1300 | Peru LIP | Chanka | R | |
| AD 1300 | Peru LIP | Chanka | Q1b1a1a1h1a | D1f |
| AD 1335 | Peru LIP 650BP | Huaca Pucllana | C1b | |
| AD 1336 | Peru Cotahuasi Tiwanaku | Cotahuasi | B2 | |
| AD 1345 | Peru LIP 600BP | Machu Picchu | Q1b1a1a1i1a | B2 |
| AD 1345 | Peru LIP 600BP | Machu Picchu | Q1b1a1a | C5b |
| AD 1350 | Peru LIP 600BP LaGalgada | Pacapaccari | R0+16189 | |
| AD 1360 | Peru LIP 600BP LaGalgada | Pacapaccari | F | B2 |
| AD 1395 | Peru LIP 650BP | Huaca Pucllana | D1 | |
| AD 1398 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-012 | ||
| AD 1398 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-012 | ||
| AD 1400 | Peru LIP 550BP | Los Molinos | R | |
| AD 1410 | Peru LIP 550BP | Los Molinos | Q1b1 | D1 |
| AD 1410 | Peru LIP 650BP | Huaca Pucllana | C1b | |
| AD 1417 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-008 | ||
| AD 1417 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-008 | Q1b1a1a1i1a2 | |
| AD 1444 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-012 | Q1b1 | C1b |
| AD 1450 | Peru ChinchaValley LateHorizon | UC-012 |
Excavation sites
- Huaca Pucllana 12, AD 375 to AD 1410
- El Brujo 10, 2,200 BC to AD 1265
- Lauricocha 7, 6,675 BC to 1,580 BC
- UC-012 7, AD 1398 to AD 1450
- Cuncaicha 6, 7,055 BC to 1,331 BC
- Chinchawas 5, AD 925 to AD 1250
- Rio Uncallane 5, AD 172 to AD 475
- Botigiriayocc 4, AD 1025 to AD 1250
- UC-008 4, AD 1417 to AD 1483
- Chanka 3, AD 1005 to AD 1300
- Ica Valley 3, AD 555 to AD 1000
- Machu Picchu 3, AD 1345 to AD 1455
- Pacapaccari 3, AD 1215 to AD 1360
- La Galgada 2, 2,155 BC
- Los Molinos 2, AD 1400 to AD 1410
- Antaura 1, AD 1562
- Charrangochayoc 1, AD 1275
- Cotahuasi 1, AD 1336
- Cueva Yacotogia 1, AD 890
- Cullcunche 1, AD 904
- Huayuncalla 1, AD 1125
- Kaillachuro 1, 2,000 BC
- Laguna de los Cóndores 1, AD 1452
- Maucallacta 1, AD 1528
- Mesayocpata 1, AD 1500
- Monte Grande 1, AD 1015
- Soro Mikaya Patjxa 1, 4,881 BC
- Tranca 1, AD 825
- Wari Kayan 1, AD 35
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.
Which of these ancient peoples are in your DNA?
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