Ancient DNA from Panama
16 ancient people from Panama have had their genome published, from AD 634 to AD 1650. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
Main archaeological groups: Panama PreColonial (9), Panama Colonial-oAfrica (3), Panama Colonial-oEurope (2), Panama Colonial-oEastAsia (1), Panama Colonial-oNativeAmerican (1).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: Q1b (7), F (2), P1 (1).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: A2a (3), B2d (3), B2b (2), A2w (1), B2 (1), H1j (1).
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Period by period
AD 1 to 1000 (5 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 634 | Panama PreColonial | Plaza Mayor | Q1b1a1a | A2af1a1 |
| AD 713 | Panama PreColonial | Coco del Mar | P1~ | A2af1b |
| AD 889 | Panama PreColonial | Parque Morelos | Q1b1a2b~ | A2af1a1 |
| AD 927 | Panama PreColonial | Parque Morelos | Q1b1a | B2d |
| AD 960 | Panama Colonial-oEurope | Plaza Casas Oeste | H5 |
After AD 1000 (11 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1006 | Panama PreColonial | Plaza Mayor | Q1b1a1a1e2 | B2d |
| AD 1187 | Panama PreColonial | Coco del Mar | B2 | |
| AD 1340 | Panama PreColonial | Plaza Mayor | Q1b1a1a | B2b |
| AD 1347 | Panama PreColonial | Coco del Mar | Q1b1a1a1e2 | A2w |
| AD 1403 | Panama PreColonial | Coco del Mar | Q1b1a1a | B2d |
| AD 1525 | Panama Colonial-oEastAsia | Sur de la Plaza | ||
| AD 1525 | Panama Colonial-oNativeAmerican | Sur de la Plaza | F | B2b3a |
| AD 1650 | Panama Colonial-oAfrica | Catedral | ||
| AD 1650 | Panama Colonial-oAfrica | Catedral | L2a1c2a | |
| AD 1650 | Panama Colonial-oAfrica | Catedral | ||
| AD 1650 | Panama Colonial-oEurope | Catedral | F | H1j1a |
Excavation sites
- Catedral 4, AD 1650
- Coco del Mar 4, AD 713 to AD 1403
- Plaza Mayor 3, AD 634 to AD 1340
- Parque Morelos 2, AD 889 to AD 927
- Sur de la Plaza 2, AD 1525
- Plaza Casas Oeste 1, AD 960
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.