Ancient DNA from Netherlands

Main archaeological groups: Netherlands ValkenburgMarktveld Roman (29), Netherlands Medieval Saxon (24), Netherlands LNB BellBeaker (23), Netherlands MBA (12), Netherlands Mesolithic (11).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: R1b (61), I2a (14), CT (2), F (2), I (2), I1 (2).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: U5b (20), T2b (13), K1a (10), U5a (10), J2a (9), J1c (6).

📊 How Netherlands's DNA changed over 10,000 years: hunter-gatherers, farmers, steppe herders and later arrivals, period by period.

Find the ancient individuals closest to your own town →

Period by period

Excavation sites

• Martinikerkhof 35, AD 750 to AD 1050
• Valkenburg Marktveld 31, 184 BC to AD 297
• De-Tuithoorn 19, 2,433 BC to 1,753 BC
• Het Klooster 9, 4,800 BC to 4,746 BC
• Molenaarsgraaf 8, 2,687 BC to 2,001 BC
• Midlum 7, AD 450 to AD 600
• Ottoland Kromme Elleboog 6, 2,300 BC to 2,289 BC
• Oosterbeintum 5, AD 579 to AD 648
• Wervershoof-Zwaagdijk 5, 1,479 BC to 1,450 BC
• Hogebeintum 4, AD 455 to AD 648
• Maasvlakte-2 4, 6,863 BC to 6,749 BC
• Polderweg 4, 5,705 BC to 5,250 BC
• Brown Bank 3, 8,297 BC to 8,117 BC
• Hoogkarspel-Houterpolder-West 3, 1,350 BC to 1,250 BC
• Schipluiden-Harnaschpolder 3, 3,525 BC to AD 300
• Tiel-Medel 3, 3,700 BC
• Westwoud-Binnenwijzend 3, 1,431 BC to 1,110 BC
• Bovenkarspel-Het-Valkje 2, 860 BC
• Nijmegen-Lent 2, 650 BC to 550 BC
• Swifterbant S2 2, 4,100 BC
• Velsen-Hofgeesterweg 2, 1,250 BC to 1,162 BC
• Zoelen de Beldert 2, 4,150 BC to 4,025 BC
• Angeren Via 2170 1, 4,000 BC
• Doggerland 1, 7,430 BC
• Doggerland, Eurogeul 1, 7,642 BC
• Doggerland, Noordhinder trenches 1, 8,734 BC
• Sand Motor 1, 6,598 BC
• Sijbekarspel de Veken 1, 2,521 BC
• Tiel-De Reth 1, AD 0
• Uitgeest-Dorregeest 1, 226 BC
• Veere-R57 1, 260 BC
• Velsen-Hoogoventerrein 1, 81 BC
• Vlaardingen-Krabbeplas 1, 1,320 BC
• Westwoud-Markerwaardweg 1, 1,150 BC

Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.