Ancient DNA from Kenya

Main archaeological groups: Kenya Medieval Swahili (48), Kenya Swahili (22), Kenya PastoralN (17), Kenya PastoralN Elmenteitan (5), Kenya IA Pastoral (3).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: E1b (29), J1a (8), A1b (4), J1 (3), B2b (2), CT (2).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: L0a (18), L2a (10), L3e (9), L3b (7), L4b (7), L3d (6).

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Period by period

Excavation sites

• Mtwapa 50, AD 1250 to AD 1740
• Makwasinyi 13, AD 1746 to AD 1877
• Manda 8, AD 1150 to AD 1561
• Naivasha Burial Ground 5, 442 BC to 279 BC
• Kakapel 3, 1,937 BC to AD 1737
• Rigo Cave 3, 643 BC to 437 BC
• Keringet Cave 2, 543 BC to AD 524
• Kisima Farm A5 2, 1,017 BC to 831 BC
• Lukenya Hill 2, 1,586 BC to 1,549 BC
• Molo Cave 2, 75 BC to AD 586
• Naishi Cave 2, 650 BC to 548 BC
• Nyarindi Rockshelter 2, 1,525 BC to 1,512 BC
• Panga ya Saidi 2, AD 1548
• Prette John's Gully 2, 2,004 BC to 1,964 BC
• White Rock Point 2, 2,500 BC
• Bungule 1, AD 1550
• Cole's Burial 1, 1,291 BC
• Deloraine Farm 1, AD 939
• Egerton Cave 1, AD 174
• Emurula Ole Polos Cairns 1, AD 1682
• Faza 1, AD 1723
• Hyrax Hill 1, 320 BC
• Ilkek Mounds 1, AD 937
• Jawuoyo Rockshelter 1, AD 164
• Kasiole 2 1, AD 990
• KFR-C4 1, AD 941
• Kokurmatakore Cairn 1, 2,250 BC
• Laikipia District Burial Site 1, AD 1346
• Njoro River Cave II 1, 19 BC
• Ol Kalou 1, AD 296

Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.