Ancient DNA from Israel
124 ancient people from Israel have had their genome published, from 11,343 BC to AD 1550. Here they are on a map and period by period, with their archaeological cultures and haplogroups.
124ancient individuals
12excavation sites
11published studies
11,343 BColdest individual
Main archaeological groups: Israel MLBA (48), Israel LateC (20), Israel Natufian (17), Israel Phoenician (16), Israel LBA (4).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: E1b (20), J1a (13), T1a (11), J1 (4), R1b (4), J2 (3).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: T1a (7), H (6), K1a (6), R0a (6), N1b (5), T2c (5).
📊 How Israel's DNA changed over 10,000 years: hunter-gatherers, farmers, steppe herders and later arrivals, period by period.
Find the ancient individuals closest to your own town →
Period by period
Before 10,000 BC (17 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11,343 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | R0a2'3 | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E | JT |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | HV |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1 | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | H+152 |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | H+152 |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | H+152 |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | JT |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | JT |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | H+152 |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | CT | |
| 10,750 BC | Israel Natufian | Raqefet Cave | E1b1b1b2a |
10,000 to 5,000 BC (2 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7,641 BC | Israel PPNB LN | Kefar-Hahoresh | N1a1b | |
| 5,750 BC | Israel PPNB PotteryN C | Motza | H2b1 | K1a4b |
5,000 to 3,000 BC (22 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,384 BC | Israel C | Peki'in | T1a1 | R0 |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T2c1c1 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | I6 |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | R0a |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | J2a2d | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC-2 | Peki'in | R0a | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | H2 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | J2a2 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | K1a+150 |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T2e | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1 | K1a |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | N1b1 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | I6 |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T2e | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a | T2+150 |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a+152 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1 | |
| 4,200 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | T1a2 |
| 4,027 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | J2a2d | |
| 4,018 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | E1b1b | K1a+150 |
| 4,010 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T2+150 | |
| 4,003 BC | Israel LateC | Peki'in | T1a1a | HV1a'b'c |
3,000 to 1,000 BC (64 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,244 BC | Israel IBA | Tel Megiddo | J2b1 | H20a |
| 1,903 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2d2b2b2~ | K |
| 1,875 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a3~ | T2e |
| 1,875 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | ||
| 1,800 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | N1b1a2 | |
| 1,800 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2d2b~ | N1b1 |
| 1,800 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2 | T1a |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | ||
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | J2 | |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | J | |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | ||
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | F | H40a |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | ||
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | J1c2i | |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | J2b1 | N1b1a2 |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | ||
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | ||
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | T1a | |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | J2 | T1a2 |
| 1,775 BC | Israel MLBA | Yehud | U1a1 | |
| 1,725 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2d2b2b2~ | H2a2a |
| 1,725 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2d2b~ | U2d |
| 1,700 BC | Israel MLBA | Hazor | J1a2a1a2d2b~ | HV1b3 |
| 1,700 BC | Israel MLBA | Hazor | E1b1b1b2a1a~ | R0a2 |
| 1,689 BC | Israel LBA | Ashkelon | N | |
| 1,650 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | ||
| 1,600 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2 | T2b7a |
| 1,600 BC | Israel LBA | Ashkelon | U3b1a | |
| 1,600 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | U1a1a3 | |
| 1,598 BC | Israel MLBA-oCaucasus | Tel Megiddo | T2 | |
| 1,577 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | ||
| 1,563 BC | Israel LBA | Ashkelon | H66 | |
| 1,562 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J2 | J1d1a1 |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | X | |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | T1a | |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | T2c1a | |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1a2a1a2 | U2e1b |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | ||
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | U2e1b | |
| 1,550 BC | Israel MLBA | Tel Megiddo | J1 | J1d |
1,000 BC to AD 1 (17 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 939 BC | Israel IA-o | Abel-Beth-Maacah | T1a1a | X2 |
| 811 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | N2a | |
| 700 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | R0a2c | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | E1b1b1a1 | U7b |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | X1c | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | I1b | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | E1b1b1a1b2 | R0a1+152 |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | J1a2a1a2d2b~ | R2+13500 |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | W6 | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | T2g2a | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | E1b1b1a1b2 | I4b |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | ||
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | T2b | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | HV4a2a | |
| 650 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | G | I |
| 600 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | ||
| 592 BC | Israel Phoenician | Akhziv | E1b1b1a1a1c1b~ | U1b3 |
After AD 1000 (2 individuals)
| Date | Group | Site | Y-DNA | mtDNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1550 | Israel Medieval-oNorthAfrica | Tell el-Hesi | J2b1a | |
| AD 1550 | Israel Medieval-oNorthAfrica | Tell el-Hesi | J2b1a |
Excavation sites
- Tel Megiddo 35, 2,244 BC to 1,001 BC
- Peki'in 22, 4,384 BC to 4,003 BC
- Raqefet Cave 17, 11,343 BC to 10,750 BC
- Akhziv 16, 811 BC to 592 BC
- Yehud 13, 1,775 BC
- Ashkelon 10, 1,689 BC to 1,145 BC
- Hazor 3, 1,700 BC to 1,350 BC
- Tel Shadud 3, 1,250 BC to 1,220 BC
- Tell el-Hesi 2, AD 1550
- Abel-Beth-Maacah 1, 939 BC
- Kefar-Hahoresh 1, 7,641 BC
- Motza 1, 5,750 BC
Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.
Which of these ancient peoples are in your DNA?
Our Ararat (Levant & Caucasus) report compares your own raw DNA file with the ancient and modern populations of the region, era by era, and explains your result in plain language with your haplogroups.