Ancient DNA from China: 950 Ancient Genomes, Haplogroups and Cultures

950ancient individuals

169excavation sites

22published studies

37,615 BColdest individual

Main archaeological groups: China LN Xiaoheyan (34), China Baligang LN Yangshao (32), China Roman LateAntiquity (30), China Qingdao BeiQian Dawenkou (28), China Qinghai Zongri (21).
Most frequent Y-DNA lines: O2a (106), R1a (37), O1b (35), N1b (33), D1a (31), R1b (31).
Most frequent mtDNA lines: C4 (23), U5a (22), D4j (21), C4a (19), M9a (14), G2a (10).

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Period by period

Before 10,000 BC (8 individuals)

Groups: China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic (5), China AmurRiverBasin UP (1), China RedDeerCaveMaludong LPleistocene-DontUseHighlyProblematic (1), China TianyuanCave UP (1). Y-DNA: C (2), A00 (1), C2a (1), K2b (1). mtDNA: B (2), D4h (2), D4g (1), G2 (1).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
37,615 BC	China TianyuanCave UP	Tianyuan Cave	K2b	B
31,642 BC	China AmurRiverBasin UP	Southern bank of Songhua River		B
17,477 BC	China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C	G2
17,477 BC	China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C
13,675 BC	China RedDeerCaveMaludong LPleistocene-DontUseHighlyProblematic	Red Deer Cave		M9
12,571 BC	China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	A00	D4h3
12,224 BC	China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2a1a	D4h3a+@152
10,700 BC	China AmurRiverBasin LatePaleolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		D4g

10,000 to 5,000 BC (47 individuals)

Groups: China Sitaimengguying EN (12), China AmurRiverBasin N (10), China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic (5), China N (3). Y-DNA: C2a (4), N (3), N1b (3), CT (2). mtDNA: D4o (3), D4h (2), D4m (2), M75 (2).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
9,614 BC	China Fujian QiheCave Epipaleolithic	Qihe Cave		R9c1b
9,567 BC	China Guangxi LonglinCave Epipaleolithic	Longlin Cave		M71+151
9,313 BC	China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2a1a	D4o
9,076 BC	China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	CT
8,723 BC	China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		D4h4
8,678 BC	China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C	M8
8,607 BC	China AmurRiverBasin Mesolithic	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2a1	M8
7,946 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2b1a2a	D4m
7,759 BC	China Shandong Bianbian EN	Bianbian	N1b
7,291 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	Q	G1a1a
7,282 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Southern bank of Songhua River		D4c1
7,175 BC	China Shandong BoshanMountain EN	Boshan Mountain	N1b	B4c1a
7,040 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		R11
6,757 BC	China Guangxi Dushan N	Dushan	O2a2a1a2a1a1	B4a1e
6,614 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		D4o
6,442 BC	China Fujian Qihedong EN	Qihedong
6,418 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Southern bank of Songhua River		D4o
6,250 BC	China InnerMongolia Yumin EN	Yumin
6,246 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2a1a	D4m2
5,900 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EN	Xiaojingshan
5,875 BC	China Shandong Xiaogao EN-o	Xiaogao
5,875 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EN	Xiaojingshan	N1b
5,864 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EN-o	Xiaojingshan
5,750 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EarlyEneolithic	Xiaojingshan
5,750 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EarlyEneolithic	Xiaojingshan
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying	N
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying	N
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying	F
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying	N
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying	CT
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,600 BC	China Sitaimengguying EN	Sitaimengguying
5,439 BC	China InnerMongolia ZhalainuoerMiningSite EN	Zhalainuoer Mining Site		C5
5,411 BC	China InnerMongolia Wuqifarmsite EN	Wuqi farm site		C4a1a
5,400 BC	China Guangxi BaojianshanCaveA N	Baojianshan Cave A		M75

And 7 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

5,000 to 3,000 BC (108 individuals)

Groups: China Baligang LN Yangshao (32), China Qingdao BeiQian Dawenkou (28), China Shaanxi Wuzhuangguoliang LN (12), China Baligang N Yangshao (9). Y-DNA: O2a (13), C (3), F (3), C2a (2). mtDNA: C4a (3), D5a (3), B4a (2), D4m (2).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a4
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a4a1
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a4a1
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a4a1
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Yangshao	Baligang
5,000 BC	China Baligang LN Shijiahe	Baligang
4,977 BC	China Henan Xiaowusite MN	Xiaowu site		D4g2a1
4,927 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		D4c1
4,888 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C	D4m
4,381 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River		C4a1a+195
4,371 BC	China AmurRiverBasin N	Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River	C2a1	D4m
4,090 BC	China Baligang N Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a4a1
4,075 BC	China Baligang N Yangshao	Baligang	O2a2b1

And 68 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

3,000 to 1,000 BC (270 individuals)

Groups: China LN Xiaoheyan (34), China MLBA (19), China Qinghai Zongri (19), China Xinjiang Xiaohe BA (11). Y-DNA: O2a (25), N1b (13), R1b (11), N1a (10). mtDNA: C4 (14), U5a (7), R1b (5), D4b (4).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
2,965 BC	China EBA	Xingyi
2,911 BC	Henan Yuzhuang	Yuzhuang
2,900 BC	China Shandong GangShang Dawenkou	GangShang
2,900 BC	China Shandong GangShang Dawenkou	GangShang
2,900 BC	China Shandong GangShang Dawenkou	GangShang
2,900 BC	China Jining XiChen EBA	XiChen
2,900 BC	China Jinan Xiaojingshan EBA	Xiaojingshan
2,899 BC	China Xinjiang Nileke BA Afanasievo	Nileke	Q2a	U5a'b
2,835 BC	China Shaanxi Wuzhuangguoliang LN	Wuzhuangguoliang		B4a2b1
2,835 BC	China Shaanxi Wuzhuangguoliang LN	Wuzhuangguoliang		B4a2b1
2,835 BC	China Shaanxi Wuzhuangguoliang LN	Wuzhuangguoliang
2,825 BC	China Xinjiang Afanasievo-Dup	G218	R1b1a1b	H15b1
2,825 BC	China Xinjiang Afanasievo	G218	R1b1a1b	H15b1
2,817 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri
2,816 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	O2a2b1a2a1a1b	D4j1b
2,813 BC	China EBA	Xingyi
2,797 BC	China EBA	Xingyi
2,795 BC	China Xinjiang BA Afanasievo	G218	R1b1a1b1b	U5a1b
2,790 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	O2a2b1a2a1a
2,750 BC	China Xinjiang Ayituohan BA Afanasievo	Ayituohan		T2d1a
2,750 BC	China Xinjiang Ayituohan BA Afanasievo	Ayituohan		T2d1a
2,723 BC	China Baligang LN Qujialing	Baligang	O2a2b1
2,721 BC	China Xinjiang BA Afanasievo-oWestEurasia	G218	R1b1a1b1a1	R1b1
2,687 BC	China Xinjiang Songshugou BA	Songshugou		H2b
2,685 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	N1b2a1~
2,682 BC	China Xinjiang Bolati BA Chemurcheck	Bolati	R1b1a1b1b	U4d3
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	O2a2b1a2a1a1b	G2b2a
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri		G2b2a
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	N1b2	G2b2a
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	N1b2	G2b2a
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	N1b2	G2a1
2,650 BC	China Qinghai Zongri	Zongri	G2a1b1~
2,639 BC	China Shanxi Shengedaliang LN	Shengedaliang		D5a2a1b
2,625 BC	China Penghu Suogang LN	Suogang
2,625 BC	China Penghu Suogang LN	Suogang
2,621 BC	China Fujian Xitoucun LN	Xitoucun
2,609 BC	China LN Xiaoheyan	Jiangjialiang	N1a1a3~
2,609 BC	China LN Xiaoheyan	Jiangjialiang
2,609 BC	China LN Xiaoheyan	Jiangjialiang	N
2,609 BC	China LN Xiaoheyan	Jiangjialiang

And 230 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

1,000 BC to AD 1 (323 individuals)

Groups: China Tibet Gebusailu IA (21), China IA Hellenistic (19), China Tibet Sangdalongguo IA (17), China IA (15). Y-DNA: O2a (33), R1a (30), D1a (23), R1b (14). mtDNA: D4j (13), C4a (11), U5a (10), C4 (9).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan	O2a2b1
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan	O1b1a1a1b1b
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan	O1b1a1a1b1b
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan	O1b1a1a1b1b
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan
1,000 BC	China LBA EIA	Xueshan	O2a1b1a1a1a1h1a
980 BC	China Baligang BA EasternZhou	Baligang
972 BC	China Baligang BA EasternZhou	Baligang	O2a2b1a2a1a1b1b2b2a
951 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma
945 BC	China Xinjiang Liushui IA	Liushui	Q	H14b2
925 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma	D1a1b
925 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma	D1a	D4b2b
925 BC	China BA Roman	Dadunzi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi	D
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi	C2a
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi	O2a2b1a1a1a4a
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi	O2a
925 BC	China BA Roman	Duizi
902 BC	China EIA	Jinlianshan	O1b1a1a1
902 BC	China EIA	Jinlianshan	O1b1a1a1
902 BC	China EIA	Jinlianshan	O1b1a1a1
862 BC	China InnerMongolia LongtouMountain BA	Longtou Mountain		D4j14
862 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma	D
862 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma	D1a
860 BC	China Qinghai Pukagongma	Pukagongma
852 BC	China Tibet Redilong IA	Redilong
850 BC	China Tibet Redilong IA	Redilong
844 BC	China Xinjiang Liushui IA-oWestEurasia	Liushui	Q1b2b1b~	H6a1a
811 BC	China Tibet Xiaoenda IA	Xiaoenda	O2a2b1a2a1a
802 BC	China Xinjiang Liushui IA	Liushui	Q1b1a3	R2+13500
799 BC	China Zibo HouLi Shang	HouLi
791 BC	China Shandong Chengziya LN	Chengziya

And 283 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

AD 1 to 1000 (136 individuals)

Groups: China Roman LateAntiquity (30), China Roman (12), China Xinjiang Hetian Antiquity (11), China Qinghai DulanWayanReservoirSite Classical (9). Y-DNA: O2a (21), O1b (16), R1b (5), C (4). mtDNA: M7b (6), M9a (6), C4a (3), A21 (2).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
AD 5	China Roman	Jinlianshan
AD 8	China Jinan LiuJiaZhuang Shang	LiuJiaZhuang
AD 25	China Xinjiang ZhagunlukeZaghunluq IA	Zhagunluke	R1b2b2	J1b2
AD 38	China Roman	Hongtupo
AD 39	China Tibet Agangrong	Agangrong	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1
AD 50	China Roman	Hongtupo	O2a2b1a1a1a4a
AD 50	China Roman	Hongtupo
AD 65	China Roman	Jiangxifen	O2a2b1a2a1a
AD 70	China MBA	Xingyi	O1b1a1a1b1b1
AD 100	China Qinghai Dacaozisite IA	Dacaozi site		D4b2b
AD 100	China Qinghai Dacaozisite IA	Dacaozi site		F1g
AD 100	China Qinghai Dacaozisite IA-o	Dacaozi site		Z3
AD 100	China Roman	Jiangbian
AD 100	China Roman	Jiangxifen
AD 100	China Roman	Jiangxifen
AD 100	China Roman	Jiangxifen
AD 100	China Roman	Jiangxifen
AD 103	China Tibet SdingChung	Sding Chung	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1	A21
AD 150	China Xinjiang Abusanteer Antiquity	Abusanteer	Q1a2a1	U5a1d2
AD 150	China Xinjiang Jirentaigoukou Antiquity	Jirentaigoukou		C4b
AD 150	China Xinjiang Xianshuiquangucheng Antiquity	Xianshuiquangucheng	R1b2b2	I1b
AD 150	China Xinjiang Xianshuiquangucheng Antiquity	Xianshuiquangucheng	R1b	U2e1h
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity	Shanpula		W3a1
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity	Shanpula	R1b	H6a1a
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity-oWestEurasia	Shanpula		U4a2
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity	Shanpula		U5a2a2a
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity	Shanpula	P1	H2b
AD 150	China Xinjiang ShanpulaSampula Antiquity	Shanpula	Q1b1a3	H5c
AD 150	China InnerMongolia MogushanXianbeisite IA Xianbei	Mogushan Xianbei site		C5a1
AD 150	China InnerMongolia MogushanXianbeisite IA Xianbei	Mogushan Xianbei site		Z3a1
AD 150	China InnerMongolia MogushanXianbeisite IA Xianbei	Mogushan Xianbei site		C4a1a4a
AD 164	China InnerMongolia ZhalainuoerMiningSite IA	Zhalainuoer Mining Site		N9a9
AD 180	China Roman	Duizi	O
AD 183	China Roman	Duizi
AD 187	China Qinghai Dacaozisite IA	Dacaozi site		G2b1b
AD 200	China Tibet Pulanduowa IA	Pulanduowa	O2a2b1a1a	M9a1b1
AD 200	China Tibet Pulanduowa IA	Pulanduowa		J2b1a1
AD 200	China Tibet Pulanduowa IA	Pulanduowa	O2a2b1a1a6	M10a1b
AD 200	China Tibet Pulanduowa IA	Pulanduowa	O2a2b1a1a1a4a
AD 200	China Tibet Pulanduowa IA	Pulanduowa	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1

And 96 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

After AD 1000 (58 individuals)

Groups: China Tibet Longsangquduo (14), China Guangxi HuatuyanCave MingDynasty (8), China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty (6), China Tibet Latuotanggu (6). Y-DNA: O2a (13), C1b (3), C2b (3), D1a (3). mtDNA: M9a (4), G2a (3), U5a (3), D4j (2).

Date	Group	Site	Y-DNA	mtDNA
AD 1000	China Xinjiang Tangbalesayi Historical Nomad	Tangbalesayi		U5a2a2a
AD 1000	China Xinjiang Tangbalesayi Historical Nomad	Tangbalesayi	R1a1a1	U5a1i
AD 1000	China Xinjiang Tangbalesayi Historical Nomad	Tangbalesayi
AD 1027	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	D1a	B4d123
AD 1042	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo		D4q
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo		M9a1a1c1b1a
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo		M13a2
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	O2a1b1a1a1a1f
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	O
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo		D4j3
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	N1b
AD 1050	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo		D4j15
AD 1059	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1	A21
AD 1075	China Xinjiang Simutasi Historical	Simutasi	G2a2b	G2a2
AD 1100	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu		M9a1a1c1b1a
AD 1100	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu
AD 1102	China Tibet Longsangquduo	Longsangquduo	D1a1b1a	M9a1a2
AD 1125	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu	O2a2b1a1a1a4a
AD 1125	China Tibet Kangyu	Kangyu	D1a1b1a	F1g
AD 1217	China Xinjiang Junmachanyilian Historical	Junmachanyilian	L1a1	U9b1
AD 1237	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu	O2a2b1a1a1a4a1	M9a1a1c1b1a
AD 1309	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu	O2a2b1
AD 1325	China Tibet Latuotanggu	Latuotanggu	O2a2b1a1a1a4a
AD 1338	China Xinjiang G218 Historic	G218	R1a1a1	G2a2
AD 1350	China Tibet Shigou	Shigou	C2b1b1	D4h1c
AD 1353	China Xinjiang Junmachanyilian Historical	Junmachanyilian	R1b1a1b1a	K1a
AD 1371	China Xinjiang Junmachanyilian Historical	Junmachanyilian	J2a1a1a2a2b	K1a
AD 1417	China Qinghai Yushu	Yushu		M11a2
AD 1452	China Xinjiang Ayousaigoukou Historical	Ayousaigoukou	R1a1a1b2a2a3b~	G2a+152
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan	C2b1b1b2
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan
AD 1500	China Guizhou Dasongshan MingDynasty	Dasongshan	C2b1
AD 1505	China Guangxi HuaqiaoCaves MingDynasty	Huaqiao Caves		G1
AD 1517	China Guangxi HuatuyanCave MingDynasty	Huatuyan Cave	O2a	D5b4

And 18 more individuals from this period: browse them all in the sample database.

Excavation sites

Baligang 58, 5,000 BC to 570 BC
Jinlianshan 39, 902 BC to AD 471
Jiangjialiang 34, 2,609 BC
BeiQian 29, 3,585 BC to 3,350 BC
Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River 23, 17,477 BC to 1,471 BC
Xingyi 22, 5,073 BC to AD 252
Gebusailu 21, 600 BC to 575 BC
Zongri 21, 3,032 BC to 2,025 BC
Baiyangcun 17, 1,540 BC to 1,350 BC
Sangdalongguo 17, 200 BC
Zhagunluke 16, 465 BC to AD 25
LiuJiaZhuang 15, 1,253 BC to AD 8
Wuzhuangguoliang 15, 3,100 BC to 2,835 BC
Gaozhai 14, 473 BC to 263 BC
Longsangquduo 14, AD 1027 to AD 1102
Jierzankale 13, 550 BC to 401 BC
Duizi 12, 925 BC to AD 183
G218 12, 2,825 BC to AD 1338
Jicha 12, 630 BC to 550 BC
Sitaimengguying 12, 5,600 BC
Tangbalesayi 12, 1,566 BC to AD 1000
Wutulan 12, 1,541 BC to 203 BC
Chaganguole 11, 2,459 BC to 232 BC
Dinggong 11, 2,350 BC to AD 500
Hetian 11, AD 300
Jirentaigoukou 11, 1,296 BC to AD 150
Shirenzigou 11, 350 BC to 263 BC
Songshugou 11, 3,002 BC to 625 BC
Xiaohe 11, 1,950 BC to 1,695 BC
Xisima 11, 1,148 BC to 302 BC
Xueshan 11, 1,489 BC to 570 BC
Dulan Wayan Reservoir Site 10, AD 642 to AD 820
Qulongsazha 10, 325 BC to AD 350
Dadunzi 9, 1,744 BC to AD 1805
Caishichang 8, 401 BC to 88 BC
Huatuyan Cave 8, AD 1517 to AD 1572
Kuokesuxi 8, 1,410 BC to 84 BC
TongLin 8, 550 BC to AD 347
Wadian 8, 2,350 BC to 2,348 BC
Abusanteer 7, 667 BC to AD 150
Chengziya 7, 2,379 BC to 791 BC
Pulanduowa 7, AD 200
Wangchenggang 7, 1,891 BC to 1,750 BC
Wanggou site 7, 4,000 BC to 3,300 BC
Xitoucun 7, 2,621 BC to 2,375 BC
Dasongshan 6, AD 1500
Haimenkou 6, 2,150 BC to 1,050 BC
Jiangxifen 6, 580 BC to AD 100
Junmachanyilian 6, 470 BC to AD 1371
Lajia site 6, 2,529 BC to 1,950 BC
Latuotanggu 6, AD 1100 to AD 1325
Piyangjiweng 6, 309 BC to 300 BC
Pukagongma 6, 951 BC to 860 BC
Shanpula 6, AD 150
Tuoganbai 6, 2,250 BC
Xiaojingshan 6, 5,900 BC to 2,900 BC
Ayousaigoukou 5, 600 BC to AD 1452
Dayindong 5, 1,397 BC to 1,320 BC
Gaoshan 5, 2,400 BC to 2,154 BC
Wuzan 5, 571 BC to 463 BC
XinZhi 5, 785 BC to 284 BC
YinJiaCheng 5, 2,458 BC to 2,350 BC
Ayituohan 4, 2,750 BC to 2,596 BC
Balong Cave 4, AD 400 to AD 461
Dacaozi site 4, AD 100 to AD 187
Haojiatai 4, 2,025 BC to 181 BC
Jiaozuoniecun site 4, 1,382 BC to 150 BC
Ladian 4, 1,350 BC
Liushui 4, 945 BC to 627 BC
Pingliangtai site 4, 2,138 BC to 1,984 BC
Tanshishan 4, 2,522 BC to 2,337 BC
YiXi 4, 550 BC to 280 BC
Agangrong 3, 34 BC to AD 39
Baiyanghe 3, 294 BC to AD 861
Banla mountain 3, 3,300 BC to 3,212 BC
Cenxun Cave 3, AD 550 to AD 623
Dongmaili 3, 550 BC
Dongtalede 3, 600 BC to AD 942
Erdaojingzi 3, 1,800 BC to 1,594 BC
FuJia 3, 3,350 BC to 2,438 BC
GangShang 3, 2,900 BC
Haibaoshan 3, 785 BC to AD 1809
Hongtupo 3, AD 38 to AD 50
HouLi 3, 1,309 BC to 550 BC
Longtou Mountain 3, 862 BC to 700 BC
Miaozigou site 3, 3,300 BC
Mogushan Xianbei site 3, AD 150
Nudagang 3, 283 BC to 160 BC
Ounie 3, AD 511 to AD 651
Shengedaliang 3, 2,639 BC to 2,100 BC
Simutasi 3, 300 BC to AD 1075
Southern bank of Songhua River 3, 31,642 BC to 6,418 BC
Tielieketesai 3, 300 BC to 104 BC
Wulanbuluke 3, 275 BC
Yuzhuang 3, 2,911 BC to 2,350 BC
Axile 2, 303 BC to 298 BC
Banda Cave 2, AD 524 to AD 550
Baojianshan Cave A 2, 5,400 BC
Beifang 2, 2,009 BC to 1,743 BC
Bolati 2, 2,682 BC to 421 BC
Butaxiongqu 2, 505 BC
Chaxiutang 2, AD 866
Dama 2, AD 595 to AD 721
Jiesang 2, 276 BC to 258 BC
Kalatasi 2, 275 BC
Qinchang Cave 2, AD 471 to AD 500
Redilong 2, 852 BC to 850 BC
Sila 2, 678 BC to 629 BC
Suogang 2, 2,625 BC
Wadian site 2, 2,586 BC to 1,950 BC
Xianshuiquangucheng 2, AD 150
Xiaoenda 2, 811 BC to 640 BC
XiChen 2, 2,900 BC to 1,186 BC
Zeketai 2, 75 BC
Zhalainuoer Mining Site 2, 5,439 BC to AD 164
Zhangcun 2, AD 500
Bianbian 1, 7,759 BC
Boshan Mountain 1, 7,175 BC
Chuanyundong 1, AD 1612
Dushan 1, 6,757 BC

And 49 smaller sites.

Source: Allen Ancient DNA Resource v66 (Mallick et al. 2024), individuals with a date and coordinates; samples the AADR flags as misdated are left out. Group names are those of the original studies. Haplogroups are shown when they could be read from the ancient DNA.

Which of these ancient peoples are in your DNA?

Our Fenghuang (Sinosphere) report compares your own raw DNA file with the ancient and modern populations of the region, era by era, and explains your result in plain language with your haplogroups.

See the Fenghuang (Sinosphere) report

Ancient DNA from China

Period by period

Before 10,000 BC (8 individuals)

10,000 to 5,000 BC (47 individuals)

5,000 to 3,000 BC (108 individuals)

3,000 to 1,000 BC (270 individuals)

1,000 BC to AD 1 (323 individuals)

AD 1 to 1000 (136 individuals)

After AD 1000 (58 individuals)

Excavation sites

How to Download Your Raw DNA Data

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