2025
Prehistoric genomes from Yunnan reveal ancestry related to Tibetans and Austroasiatic speakers
Tibet
Study Information
Abstract
The human landscape in East and Southeast Asia is vastly complex, and successful retrieval of genome-wide data from prehistoric humans of southern East Asia is sparse. We successfully sampled 127 ancient human genomes from southwestern China. A 7100-year-old female individual from central Yunnan shows a previously unsampled Basal Asian ancestry related to a ghost population that contributed to Tibetan Plateau populations. Central Yunnan populations dating to 5500 to 1400 years before present show an East Asian ancestry distinct from northern or southern East Asian ancestries that contributed to present-day East and Southeast Asians, particularly Austroasiatic speakers, and emphasizes the importance of the Red River valley for proto-Austroasiatic population history. Diverse Asian ancestries are represented in humans sampled from Yunnan, clarifying past population dynamics related to both Tibetan and Austroasiatic origins.
G25 Coordinates 130 samples
| # | Sample Name | G25 Coordinates | Copy |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chinese:HRR1257494 | 0.002276,-0.420429,0.012445,-0.046512,0.028621,0.0... |
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| 2 | chinese:HRR1257495 | 0.005691,-0.414336,0.004148,-0.048773,0.039392,0.0... |
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| 3 | chinese:HRR1257496 | 0.002276,-0.418398,0.006788,-0.044897,0.028928,-0.... |
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| 4 | chinese:HRR1257499 | 0.020488,-0.44074,-0.009805,-0.067184,0.079092,0.0... |
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| 5 | chinese:HRR1257501 | 0.003415,-0.426522,0.020742,-0.044574,0.026159,0.0... |
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| 6 | chinese:HRR1257504 | 0.011382,-0.429569,0.00792,-0.057171,0.029236,0.00... |
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| 7 | chinese:HRR1257506 | 0.007968,-0.407227,0.003771,-0.043282,0.026466,0.0... |
|
| 8 | chinese:HRR1257507 | 0.009106,-0.438709,0.015085,-0.056525,0.034468,0.0... |
|
| 9 | chinese:HRR1257508 | 0.009106,-0.407227,0.011691,-0.051034,0.026159,0.0... |
|
| 10 | chinese:HRR1257509 | 0.001138,-0.42246,0.013953,-0.052326,0.031698,0.00... |
|
| 11 | chinese:HRR1257510 | 0.004553,-0.418398,0.013576,-0.033915,0.022466,0.0... |
|
| 12 | chinese:HRR1257511 | 0.011382,-0.439724,-0.008674,-0.063308,0.07109,0.0... |
|
| 13 | chinese:HRR1257512 | 0.014797,-0.441755,-0.014331,-0.061693,0.072629,0.... |
|
| 14 | chinese:HRR1257513 | 0.006829,-0.41332,0.006411,-0.044251,0.039392,0.01... |
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| 15 | chinese:HRR1257514 | -0.003415,-0.400119,-0.010182,-0.04199,0.068628,0.... |
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| 16 | chinese:HRR1257515 | 0.002276,-0.414336,0.005657,-0.053295,0.032314,0.0... |
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| 17 | chinese:HRR1257516 | 0.001138,-0.417383,-0.004148,-0.049419,0.030775,0.... |
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| 18 | chinese:HRR1257517 | 0.009106,-0.408243,-0.010936,-0.047158,0.058472,0.... |
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| 19 | chinese:HRR1257522 | 0.013659,-0.4316,-0.031301,-0.062016,0.136333,0.06... |
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| 20 | chinese:HRR1257523 | 0.006829,-0.437693,-0.052043,-0.057817,0.142488,0.... |
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| 21 | chinese:HRR1257527 | 0.005691,-0.38387,-0.004525,-0.043282,0.051394,0.0... |
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| 22 | chinese:HRR1257528 | 0.003415,-0.426522,-0.008674,-0.048127,0.044624,0.... |
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| 23 | chinese:HRR1257530 | 0.010244,-0.418398,0.00264,-0.046512,0.040315,0.01... |
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| 24 | chinese:HRR1257531 | 0.018212,-0.423476,0.004903,-0.053295,0.052625,0.0... |
|
| 25 | chinese:HRR1257534 | 0.015935,-0.427538,0.010559,-0.040698,0.039084,0.0... |
|
| 26 | chinese:HRR1257535 | 0.005691,-0.416367,-0.007542,-0.048773,0.062473,0.... |
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| 27 | chinese:HRR1257537 | 0.012521,-0.424491,0.001131,-0.052972,0.034468,-0.... |
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| 28 | chinese:HRR1257539 | 0.014797,-0.426522,0.015462,-0.044574,0.025543,0.0... |
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| 29 | chinese:HRR1257540 | 0.009106,-0.430584,0.009805,-0.046512,0.03139,0.00... |
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| 30 | chinese:HRR1257543 | 0.012521,-0.42246,0.008674,-0.046189,0.034468,0.00... |
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| 31 | chinese:HRR1257544 | 0.006829,-0.428553,0.001508,-0.05491,0.044931,0.00... |
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| 32 | chinese:HRR1257545 | 0.006829,-0.427538,0.010936,-0.056848,0.038161,0.0... |
|
| 33 | chinese:HRR1257546 | 0.012521,-0.424491,0.011691,-0.050388,0.032929,0.0... |
|
| 34 | chinese:HRR1257547 | 0.013659,-0.428553,0.014331,-0.053941,0.034776,0.0... |
|
| 35 | chinese:HRR1257548 | 0.013659,-0.4316,0.004525,-0.050065,0.029236,0.012... |
|
| 36 | chinese:HRR1257549 | 0.013659,-0.424491,0.007542,-0.046835,0.03139,0.00... |
|
| 37 | chinese:HRR1257550 | 0,-0.419414,-0.040352,-0.049742,0.099711,0.048527,... |
|
| 38 | chinese:HRR1257552 | 0.005691,-0.377777,0.003771,-0.056202,0.071706,0.0... |
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| 39 | chinese:HRR1257553 | 0.002276,-0.409258,-0.033187,-0.045543,0.094787,0.... |
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| 40 | chinese:HRR1257554 | 0.013659,-0.420429,-0.015085,-0.039083,0.045547,0.... |
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| 41 | chinese:HRR1257555 | 0.011382,-0.423476,0.003017,-0.046512,0.044931,0.0... |
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| 42 | chinese:HRR1257557 | 0.011382,-0.417383,0.007165,-0.042959,0.051702,0.0... |
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| 43 | chinese:HRR1257558 | 0.007968,-0.410274,-0.00792,-0.051034,0.060934,0.0... |
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| 44 | chinese:HRR1257559 | 0.004553,-0.403165,-0.013199,-0.053941,0.061242,0.... |
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| 45 | chinese:HRR1257560 | -0.002276,-0.412305,0.003017,-0.039083,0.052317,0.... |
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| 46 | chinese:HRR1257561 | 0.004553,-0.423476,-0.004148,-0.049419,0.064935,0.... |
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| 47 | chinese:HRR1257562 | 0.009106,-0.419414,-0.013199,-0.04199,0.049548,0.0... |
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| 48 | chinese:HRR1257563 | 0.002276,-0.405196,-0.012822,-0.048127,0.062165,0.... |
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| 49 | chinese:HRR1257564 | -0.002276,-0.412305,-0.028661,-0.049096,0.096941,0... |
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| 50 | chinese:HRR1257565 | -0.004553,-0.403165,-0.035072,-0.043928,0.101865,0... |
|
| 51 | chinese:HRR1257566 | 0.005691,-0.411289,-0.036581,-0.051034,0.097864,0.... |
|
| 52 | chinese:HRR1257567 | 0.003415,-0.42246,-0.042992,-0.047158,0.096326,0.0... |
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| 53 | chinese:HRR1257568 | 0.004553,-0.423476,-0.042615,-0.052326,0.108328,0.... |
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| 54 | chinese:HRR1257570 | -0.002276,-0.403165,-0.037712,-0.047481,0.102173,0... |
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| 55 | chinese:HRR1257571 | 0.007968,-0.411289,-0.035072,-0.045543,0.096941,0.... |
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| 56 | chinese:HRR1257572 | 0.005691,-0.420429,-0.036581,-0.057171,0.101865,0.... |
|
| 57 | chinese:HRR1257573 | 0.014797,-0.414336,-0.032809,-0.054587,0.100019,0.... |
|
| 58 | chinese:HRR1257574 | -0.001138,-0.423476,-0.037335,-0.055879,0.103096,0... |
|
| 59 | chinese:HRR1257575 | 0.003415,-0.408243,-0.038466,-0.047158,0.102173,0.... |
|
| 60 | chinese:HRR1257577 | -0.003415,-0.41332,-0.02225,-0.044251,0.07663,0.03... |
|
| 61 | chinese:HRR1257578 | 0,-0.412305,-0.026021,-0.048127,0.088632,0.047133,... |
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| 62 | chinese:HRR1257579 | 0.002276,-0.42246,-0.032055,-0.052649,0.094479,0.0... |
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| 63 | chinese:HRR1257580 | 0.003415,-0.416367,-0.030924,-0.045866,0.091094,0.... |
|
| 64 | chinese:HRR1257582 | 0.004553,-0.411289,-0.033941,-0.055233,0.098788,0.... |
|
| 65 | chinese:HRR1257584 | 0.007968,-0.418398,-0.032809,-0.048127,0.088324,0.... |
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| 66 | chinese:HRR1257585 | -0.002276,-0.420429,-0.029793,-0.044897,0.097249,0... |
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| 67 | chinese:HRR1257586 | -0.003415,-0.407227,-0.026398,-0.047804,0.09848,0.... |
|
| 68 | chinese:HRR1257587 | -0.002276,-0.400119,-0.033187,-0.047158,0.104019,0... |
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| 69 | chinese:HRR1257588 | 0.003415,-0.399103,-0.035449,-0.031654,0.10125,0.0... |
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| 70 | chinese:HRR1257589 | 0.001138,-0.411289,-0.037712,-0.044574,0.111098,0.... |
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| 71 | chinese:HRR1257590 | 0.002276,-0.406212,-0.030924,-0.04199,0.108328,0.0... |
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| 72 | chinese:HRR1257591 | 0.006829,-0.418398,-0.035072,-0.050388,0.099095,0.... |
|
| 73 | chinese:HRR1257592 | 0.004553,-0.409258,-0.039975,-0.04845,0.103404,0.0... |
|
| 74 | chinese:HRR1257594 | -0.002276,-0.401134,-0.033564,-0.047481,0.105866,0... |
|
| 75 | chinese:HRR1257595 | -0.009106,-0.380824,-0.038843,-0.023579,0.083708,0... |
|
| 76 | chinese:HRR1257596 | 0.005691,-0.419414,-0.029793,-0.050065,0.091709,0.... |
|
| 77 | chinese:HRR1257597 | 0.015935,-0.423476,-0.033564,-0.041021,0.098788,0.... |
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| 78 | chinese:HRR1257598 | 0.012521,-0.424491,-0.000754,-0.052003,0.068936,0.... |
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| 79 | chinese:HRR1257599 | 0.002276,-0.420429,0.008297,-0.052972,0.044008,0.0... |
|
| 80 | chinese:HRR1257600 | 0.014797,-0.405196,-0.006034,-0.04522,0.039392,0.0... |
|
| 81 | chinese:HRR1257601 | -0.002276,-0.41332,-0.001131,-0.045543,0.050779,0.... |
|
| 82 | chinese:HRR1257602 | 0.004553,-0.421445,-0.000754,-0.04199,0.048624,0.0... |
|
| 83 | chinese:HRR1257603 | -0.003415,-0.414336,-0.001886,-0.053941,0.052625,0... |
|
| 84 | chinese:HRR1257604 | -0.01935,-0.251851,-0.089,0.073967,0.01508,-0.0114... |
|
| 85 | chinese:HRR1257605 | -0.018212,-0.245758,-0.083344,0.068476,0.010771,-0... |
|
| 86 | chinese:HRR1257606 | -0.006829,-0.403165,-0.040729,-0.04199,0.109251,0.... |
|
| 87 | chinese:HRR1257607 | 0.005691,-0.384886,-0.046386,-0.035853,0.103404,0.... |
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| 88 | chinese:HRR1257608 | 0,-0.397072,-0.053928,-0.037791,0.111405,0.044901,... |
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| 89 | chinese:HRR1257609 | -0.005691,-0.384886,-0.04978,-0.038437,0.107097,0.... |
|
| 90 | chinese:HRR1257610 | -0.003415,-0.396056,-0.056191,-0.035853,0.108636,0... |
|
| 91 | chinese:HRR1257611 | 0.004553,-0.396056,-0.048649,-0.03876,0.104635,0.0... |
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| 92 | chinese:HRR1257612 | 0.006829,-0.41332,-0.043746,-0.045543,0.101557,0.0... |
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| 93 | chinese:HRR1257613 | -0.004553,-0.390979,-0.05242,-0.038114,0.101865,0.... |
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| 94 | chinese:HRR1257614 | 0.003415,-0.397072,-0.049403,-0.0323,0.098788,0.04... |
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| 95 | chinese:HRR1257615 | -0.006829,-0.40215,-0.04978,-0.038114,0.119715,0.0... |
|
| 96 | chinese:HRR1257616 | 0,-0.41332,-0.044123,-0.045866,0.108636,0.052153,-... |
|
| 97 | chinese:HRR1257617 | 0.001138,-0.408243,-0.049403,-0.040698,0.102788,0.... |
|
| 98 | chinese:HRR1257618 | 0.004553,-0.394025,-0.043746,-0.036822,0.104327,0.... |
|
| 99 | chinese:HRR1257619 | -0.003415,-0.410274,-0.039598,-0.040052,0.11356,0.... |
|
| 100 | chinese:HRR1257621 | 0.017073,-0.378792,-0.035449,-0.031977,0.100019,0.... |
|
| 101 | chinese:HRR1257623 | -0.007968,-0.384886,-0.053174,-0.035853,0.104943,0... |
|
| 102 | chinese:HRR1257624 | 0.004553,-0.395041,-0.053928,-0.040375,0.107405,0.... |
|
| 103 | chinese:HRR1257625 | -0.001138,-0.40215,-0.036958,-0.04522,0.097864,0.0... |
|
| 104 | chinese:HRR1257626 | -0.009106,-0.391994,-0.046009,-0.041344,0.114791,0... |
|
| 105 | chinese:HRR1257627 | -0.012521,-0.396056,-0.035449,-0.037791,0.106789,0... |
|
| 106 | chinese:HRR1257628 | -0.010244,-0.385901,-0.047517,-0.04199,0.119715,0.... |
|
| 107 | chinese:HRR1257629 | -0.003415,-0.401134,-0.053551,-0.040052,0.120638,0... |
|
| 108 | chinese:HRR1257630 | 0.005691,-0.394025,-0.047517,-0.049096,0.103404,0.... |
|
| 109 | chinese:HRR1257632 | -0.001138,-0.399103,-0.039598,-0.038114,0.100942,0... |
|
| 110 | chinese:HRR1257633 | -0.004553,-0.394025,-0.062225,-0.036499,0.123715,0... |
|
| 111 | chinese:HRR1257634 | 0.015935,-0.430584,0.001886,-0.062662,0.060011,0.0... |
|
| 112 | chinese:HRR1257635 | 0.011382,-0.416367,-0.033187,-0.050065,0.110482,0.... |
|
| 113 | chinese:HRR1526603 | 0.009106,-0.417383,0.00528,-0.048127,0.037545,0.00... |
|
| 114 | chinese:HRR1526604 | 0.005691,-0.425507,0.016593,-0.047158,0.03416,0.00... |
|
| 115 | chinese:HRR1526605 | 0.013659,-0.421445,0.007165,-0.042313,0.035391,0.0... |
|
| 116 | chinese:HRR1526606 | 0.004553,-0.409258,0.016216,-0.038114,0.023081,0.0... |
|
| 117 | chinese:HRR1526607 | -0.003415,-0.411289,0.013576,-0.045866,0.027082,0.... |
|
| 118 | chinese:HRR1526608 | 0.012521,-0.424491,0.002263,-0.042959,0.025851,0.0... |
|
| 119 | chinese:HRR1526609 | 0.002276,-0.425507,0.015462,-0.047158,0.024928,0.0... |
|
| 120 | chinese:HRR1526610 | 0.003415,-0.419414,0.012822,-0.04845,0.032006,0.00... |
|
| 121 | chinese:HRR1526611 | 0.011382,-0.429569,0.006411,-0.049096,0.026159,0.0... |
|
| 122 | chinese:HRR1526612 | 0.011382,-0.426522,0.006788,-0.056525,0.025235,0.0... |
|
| 123 | chinese:HRR1526613 | 0.012521,-0.417383,0.003017,-0.047481,0.026466,0.0... |
|
| 124 | chinese:HRR1526614 | 0.007968,-0.421445,0.009428,-0.050711,0.030775,0.0... |
|
| 125 | chinese:HRR1724012 | 0.007968,-0.406212,0.00792,-0.031331,0.017234,0.00... |
|
| 126 | chinese:HRR1724013 | 0.012521,-0.403165,0.003771,-0.035207,0.015695,0.0... |
|
| 127 | chinese:HRR1724014 | 0.020488,-0.41332,-0.002263,-0.039406,0.019696,-0.... |
|
| 128 | chinese:HRR1724015 | 0.013659,-0.396056,0.00528,-0.033269,-0.001539,0.0... |
|
| 129 | chinese:HRR1724016 | 0.018212,-0.396056,0.011314,-0.020349,-0.009232,-0... |
|
| 130 | chinese:HRR1724017 | 0.005691,-0.4316,0.009805,-0.042959,0.016618,0.003... |