🏺 Verteba Cave
Ternopil Oblast, Chortkiv District, Bilche-Zolote Municipality · Ukraine
42 ancient DNA individuals excavated at Verteba Cave, Ukraine, dated between 3747 BC and 743 BC. associated with the Multi-Cordoned Ware/Sabatinovka-Noua-Coslogeni – para-indo-iranian, Gava/Kyjatice culture – early Thracian archaeological cultures. Y-DNA haplogroups found on site include G2a2b2a3, G2a2a1a, I2a1b1a2b, G2a2b2a1a1b1a1a1a2a. Explore each individual's haplogroups, radiocarbon dates and ancestral composition.
42
Individuals
3747 BC
Earliest
743 BC
Latest
11
Studies
Average ancestral composition (42 individuals, non-zero components only)
ANF
73.8%
WHG
10.5%
Steppe
10.3%
EHG
3.0%
CHG/Iran N
1.8%
Natufian
1.8%
East Asian
1.0%
Iberomaurusian
0.8%
Sub-Saharan
0.8%
Native American
0.8%
ANE
0.4%
AASI
0.0%
Individuals excavated at this site (sorted chronologically)
| Sample ID | Label | Date | Sex | Y-DNA | mtDNA | Culture | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2110 | EEF_Balkan | 3747 BC | M | G2a2b2a | T2b | MathiesonNature2018, Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| I13068 | EEF_Balkan | 3725 BC | M | T2 | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | ||
| VERT035 | EEF_Balkan | 3721 BC | F | J1c2 | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | ||
| I7923 | EEF_Balkan | 3720 BC | M | J2a1 | T2b+16362 | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| VERT106 | EEF_Balkan | 3719 BC | M | G2a2b2a3 | U5a | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| I1926 | EEF_Balkan | 3699 BC | M | G2a2b2a3 | H5a | MathiesonNature2018, Nikitin2024; Mathieson et al. 2018, Nikitin et al. 2025; MathiesonReichNature2018 | |
| VERT031 | EEF_Balkan | 3696 BC | M | G2a2a1a3 | N1a1a1a | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT100 | EEF_Balkan | 3696 BC | M | G2a2a1a | J1c2 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT104 | EEF_Balkan | 3692 BC | M | G2a2a1a | U5a2+16362 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| I7586 | EEF_Balkan | 3689 BC | F | J1c2 | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | ||
| I7921 | EEF_Balkan | 3678 BC | F | H2a | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | ||
| I2111 | EEF_Balkan | 3672 BC | M | G2a2b | HV; H+16311 | MathiesonNature2018, Nikitin2024; MathiesonReichNature2018; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| I7584 | EEF_Balkan | 3657 BC | F | H5b | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | ||
| VERT028 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | I2a1b1a1b | K1a1b1 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT029 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | G2a2a1a | H15a1 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT030 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | G2a2b2a3 | T2b | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT033 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | I2a1a | H40 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT103 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | C1a2a1 | J1c5 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT105 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | G2a2b2a3 | H+152 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT107 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | G2a2b2a3a | T2c1d1 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT111 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | F | G2a2b2a1a1 | K1b1+(16093) | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT115 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | F | T2 | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | ||
| VERT117 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | M | I2a2 | K1a2 | GelabertSciRep2022; Gelabert et al. 2022 (Sci. Rep.); GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT118 | EEF_Balkan | 3650 BC | F | K1a2 | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | ||
| I2109 | EEF_Balkan | 3639 BC | M | G2a2 | J1c | Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| VERT015 | EEF_Balkan | 3639 BC | F | H | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | ||
| I1927 | Pannonia_LIA | 3600 BC | M | G2a2b2a1a1b1a1a1a2a | H1b1d | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |
| V1.1.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | U8b1a2 | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V1.2 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | H | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V3.13.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | HV | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V3.14.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | T2b | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V3.15.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | U8b1b | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V3.16.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | HV0 | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| V3.17.1 | EEF_Balkan | 3600 BC | H5a | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| I13064 | EEF_Balkan | 3583 BC | M | I2a1b1a2b | T2 | Nikitin2024; Nikitin et al. 2025; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| I3151 | EEF_Balkan | 3578 BC | M | E1b1b1a1 | U8b1b | MathiesonNature2018, Nikitin2024; Mathieson et al. 2018, Nikitin et al. 2025; MathiesonReichNature2018; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| M5 | EEF_Balkan | 3250 BC | H1b | NikitinPLoSONE2017 | |||
| I1929 | Pannonia_LIA | 3228 BC | F | G2a2b2a1a1b1a1a1 | H1b | MathiesonNature2018, first reported in NikitinPLoSONE2017, Nikitin2024; NikitinReichNature2025 | |
| VERT113 | Balkan_East_MBA | 1873 BC | F | HV+16311 | Multi-Cordoned Ware/Sabatinovka-Noua-Coslogeni – para-indo-iranian | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| VERT114 | Pannonia_LBA_East | 893 BC | F | T2 | Gava/Kyjatice culture – early Thracian | GelabertSciRep2022; GelabertPinhasiSciRep2022 | |
| V6 | Pannonia_LBA_East | 774 BC | H | NikitinIANSA2010 | |||
| F3 | Pannonia_LBA_East | 743 BC | U5a1a | NikitinIANSA2010 |