The Romani people, often referred to as Gypsies, are believed to have originated in the Punjab region of northern India. Linguistic and genetic evidence suggests they began migrating westward around a thousand years ago, eventually settling across Europe and beyond.
Genetic studies reveal that the Romani possess a mixed ancestry. Their DNA shows strong South Asian roots, particularly linked to northwestern India—regions such as Punjab and Rajasthan—along with significant European admixture. This reflects their extended diaspora and centuries of interaction with diverse populations. Analyses of Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups support these findings, highlighting both their Indian origin and the genetic complexity shaped by migration and integration. Over time, this has resulted in unique genetic signatures and high internal diversity among Romani groups.
